【正文】 other type of enterprise puting environment. This is one of the more than 20 SMFs defined and described in Microsoft Operations Framework (MOF). The guide assumes that the reader is familiar with the intent, background, and fundamental concepts of MOF as well as the Microsoft technologies discussed. An overview of MOF and its panion, Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF), is available in the MOF Service Management Function Overview guide. This overview also provides abstracts of each of the service management functions defined within MOF. Detailed information about the concepts and principles of each of the frameworks is available in technical papers at 3 System Administration Overview The System Administration SMF, illustrated in Figure 1, oversees the Security Administration, Service Monitoring and Control, Job Scheduling, Network Administration, Directory Services Administration, and Storage Management SMFs. The way in which you design, develop, and implement this function will be determined by the size and architecture of your anization. Large anizations will have clearly defined models while smaller anizations will be likely to consolidate functions in order to maintain the health and operational capabilities of the systems. S y s temA dm i ni s trati onS ec uri tyA dm i ni s trati onJobSchedulingStorageMgmt.NetworkAdministrationDirectoryServicesAdministrationS erv i c e M on i tori ng an d Co ntrol Figure 1. The system administration function defined The system administration function is responsible for providing daytoday administrative services in support of the productionputing environment. This entails managing and providing operational support for various elements within the environment, such as work accounts (users, groups, distribution lists, and so on) and work resources (servers, printers, storage devices, and so on). This function may also lend assistance to, or work in concert with, other service management functions by providing basic monitoring services. For instance, system administration may provide first level performance and capacity monitoring for the service monitoring and control function. System Administration Models As noted, the fundamental objective of this paper is to provide guidance on how to implement the System Administration SMF within your anization. To offer prescriptive guidance on how to implement this function, it is necessary to discuss administration from the standpoint of a specific “model.” Modeling system administration takes into consideration an anization’s puting architecture—whether it is centralized, distributed, or a hybrid of the two. Your administrative model is most likely to follow the design of your architecture, although there are exceptions. The exceptions are generally associated with specific administrative functions. For example, in a broadly distributed architecture where print and output management is clearly a distributed and delegated administrative function, directory services administration is noheless likely to remain a centralized function. 6 System A dministration This is just one example—there can be numerous others, and because each anization employs widely varying puting architectures, the design of your administrative model will be crafted to acmodate the specific requirements of your individual pany. The goal here is to provide intelligent and sensible guidance on how you can begin to design and implement your own system administration operating model. Goals and Objectives The goal of the System Administration SMF is to administer a puting environment on a daytoday basis. This entails managing and providing operational support for various elements within the production environment. Its objectives include providing administrative services in support of puting environments that contain both centralized and distributed hardware. Scope The scope of system administration is based upon the model shown in Figure 1. The System Administration SMF may also provide assistance with the functional administration of other SMFs for which they no have direct responsibility for implementing and managing. This assistance may include: ? First level performance and capacity monitoring for the Service Monitoring and Control SMF. ? The daytoday functional administration of account management, including adding, deleting, or moving accounts. ? Enquiries for resources such as printers and security access privileges for the Directory Services Administration and Security Administration SMFs. ? Management of resources used to produce printed reports and output. ? The administrative tasks required to back up and restore critical data. ? Enforcing a security policy for protecting data and shared work resources including files, folders, and printers. Service Management Function 7 Key Definitions Centralized administration. The administration resources required to perform the tasks and procedures are centrally located. Centralized administration of centralized hardware. All or most of the operations and support functions centrally located in a single site. Centralized/remote administration of distributed hardware. Although systems may be distributed to remote locations, all major administrative control remains at the central location. Centralized/delegated administration of distributed hardware. The primary administrative function and administrative workforce reside at the corporate (central) data center—all administrative direction and control originate from this function. Centralized hardware. All puting resources being managed are located centrally in the corporate data center (sometimes called the puting center or corporate technology center).