【正文】 壇”，提出“信息物理融合系統(tǒng) CPS 是一個綜合計(jì)算、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和物理環(huán)境的多維復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)，是信息和物理世界的深度的融合交互，可實(shí)現(xiàn)大型工程系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時感知、動態(tài)控制和信息服務(wù)，使系統(tǒng)更加可靠、高效與實(shí)時協(xié)同，使得人類物理現(xiàn)實(shí)和虛擬邏輯逐步融合，具有重要而廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。業(yè)界關(guān)于軟件工程的代表性觀點(diǎn)創(chuàng)立與使用健全的工程原則，以便經(jīng)濟(jì)地獲得可靠且高效率的軟件。應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)化，遵從原則，可被計(jì)量的方法來發(fā)展、操作及維護(hù)軟件；也就是把工程應(yīng)用到軟件上。與開發(fā)、管理及更新軟件產(chǎn)品有關(guān)的理論、方法及工具。一種知識或?qū)W科，目標(biāo)是生產(chǎn)品質(zhì)良好、準(zhǔn)時交貨、符合預(yù)算，滿足用戶所需的軟件。實(shí)際應(yīng)用科學(xué)知識在設(shè)計(jì)、建構(gòu)電腦程序，與相伴而來所產(chǎn)生的文件，以及后續(xù)的操作和維護(hù)上。6使用與系統(tǒng)化生產(chǎn)和維護(hù)軟件產(chǎn)品有關(guān)之技術(shù)與管理的知識，使軟件開發(fā)與修改可在有限的時間與費(fèi)用下進(jìn)行。7建造由工程師團(tuán)隊(duì)所開發(fā)之大型軟件系統(tǒng)有關(guān)的知識學(xué)科。對軟件分析、設(shè)計(jì)、實(shí)施及維護(hù)的一種系統(tǒng)化方法。系統(tǒng)化地應(yīng)用工具和技術(shù)于開發(fā)以計(jì)算機(jī)為主的應(yīng)用。10軟件工程是關(guān)于設(shè)計(jì)和開發(fā)優(yōu)質(zhì)軟件。《軟件工程》是一門綜合性和實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)的核心課程，它屬于是一門交叉學(xué)科，包含有：軟件開發(fā)技術(shù)（軟件開發(fā)方法學(xué)、軟件開發(fā)過程、軟件工具和軟件工程環(huán)境）、軟件工程管理（軟件管理學(xué)、軟件經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、軟件心理學(xué)）。主要內(nèi)容包括軟件工程概述、可行性分析、需求分析、概要設(shè)計(jì)、詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)、面向?qū)ο蠓治雠c設(shè)計(jì)、編碼、軟件測試、項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃與管理。本課程是面向準(zhǔn)備從事軟件開發(fā)的畢業(yè)生而開設(shè)的一門專業(yè)課程。針對計(jì)算機(jī)教學(xué)中軟件工程這一薄弱環(huán)結(jié)，結(jié)合目前軟件開發(fā)商對人才的要求，對計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生進(jìn)行軟件工程強(qiáng)化培訓(xùn)，目的是使畢業(yè)生能夠了解和掌握軟件工程的基本理論和方法，并在實(shí)際軟件開發(fā)中運(yùn)用這些方法。我理解，軟件工程是按照工程學(xué)的管理方式，有組織、有計(jì)劃的，在一定的質(zhì)量基礎(chǔ)、時間限度和成本范圍內(nèi)，實(shí)現(xiàn)功能明確的軟件系統(tǒng)。而且，軟件工程在企業(yè)范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)行，一定需要企業(yè)資源的支持，要與企業(yè)的經(jīng)營、決策、管理體系聯(lián)系在一起，才能夠被踏踏實(shí)實(shí)的落實(shí)下來。軟件工程項(xiàng)目是一個需要一步一步的計(jì)算，分析思考而來的，需要不斷思考，研究不斷進(jìn)步，軟件業(yè)作為一個服務(wù)業(yè)，要想得到發(fā)展，首先必須形成一個對軟件服務(wù)有迫切需要的市場。其次，這個市場中的消費(fèi)者必須具備足夠的購買力。軟件的消費(fèi)群體簡單一點(diǎn)，可以分為個體消費(fèi)和企業(yè)消費(fèi)。中國的企業(yè)群體，數(shù)量龐大，但是質(zhì)量不高。上規(guī)模的企業(yè)極少。國內(nèi)目前能夠形成比較大規(guī)模的獨(dú)立市場的，肯定是小規(guī)模的軟件系統(tǒng)。隨著信息化時代的到來其地位越來越受到人們的重視，軟件工程從一個學(xué)科，或是某一個研究方向來說，人員僅僅是過程，方法的執(zhí)行者，所以人員素質(zhì)往往被忽略，軟件工程是一門實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)的學(xué)科，所以在實(shí)際的軟件研究過程中，人員的素質(zhì)占有很重要的地位。要有出色的軟件問世，研發(fā)人員的素質(zhì)至關(guān)重要！作為軟件工程的學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該不斷創(chuàng)新，不斷嘗試、實(shí)踐，不斷研究和學(xué)習(xí)，中國的軟件工程技術(shù)依舊滯后于國外一些軟件工程技術(shù)，作為新一代的學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該擔(dān)當(dāng)起振興起中國軟件事業(yè)，使中國科技得到高速發(fā)展！現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是信息化時代，信息化潮流不斷涌現(xiàn)，想要掌握主動權(quán)就是掌握信息化的發(fā)展方向，這就需要我們不斷學(xué)習(xí)，時間，研究，學(xué)習(xí)國外的先進(jìn)技術(shù)，轉(zhuǎn)變自己的技術(shù)，然后融合，創(chuàng)新。軟件技術(shù)不是一成不變的，是隨著社會的進(jìn)步的不斷進(jìn)步，不需要不斷的創(chuàng)新，不斷的改善的，需要我們不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，不斷的研究，不斷進(jìn)步。第三篇：軟件工程總結(jié) is a product and can be manufactured using the same technologies used for other engineering artifacts Answer: b are a mixture of print publishing and software development, making their development outside the realm of software engineering : b engineering umbrella activities are only applied during the initial phases of software development : b ahead for software reuse reduces the cost and increases the value of the systems into which they are : a essence of software engineering practice might be described as understand the problem, plan a solution, carry out the plan, and examine the result for : a agile process models the only deliverable work product is the working : b most software development projects are initiated to try to meet some business : a general software only succeeds if its behavior is consistent with the objectives of its : b processes can be constructed out of preexisting software patterns to best meet the needs of a software : a technology tools allow software organizations to press schedules by skipping unimportant : b is generally accepted that one cannot have weak software processes and create high quality end : a engineering is a generic process that does not vary from one software project to : a stakeholder is anyone who will purchase the pleted software system under : b is relatively mon for different customers to propose conflicting requirements, each arguing that his or her version is the right : a and customers create usecases to help the software team understand how different classes of endusers will use : a actors are always people, never system : b patterns facilitate the transformation of the analysis model into a design model by suggesting reliable solutions to mon : a winwin negotiation, the customer’s needs are met even though the developer’s need may not : b requirements validation the requirements model is reviewed to ensure its technical : b domain analysis is concerned with the identification and specification of reusable capabilities within an application : a structured analysis models focus on the structure of the classes defined for a system along with their : b and refinement of use cases if an important part of scenariobased : a is important to consider alternative actor interactions when creating a preliminary use : b is one technique that may be used to derive a plete set of use case : a many cases there is no need to create a graphical representation of a usage : a or more attributes of a data object must be defined as a key to allow the location of an instance of the data : a are chosen for an object by examining the problem statement and identifying the entities that appear to be : b analysis package involves the categorization of analysis model elements into useful : a data flow diagram must be augmented by minspec that can serve as a guide the design of the software ponent that will implement the : a UML sequence diagram show the order in which system events are : b patterns are discovered, they are not explicitly : a is not possible to justify the time required for W