【正文】 想要的是第一種類型的朋友，于是她就把日記當(dāng)成她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來(lái)，否則他們就會(huì)被德國(guó)納粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏兩年之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在這段時(shí)間里，她唯一的忠實(shí)朋友就是她的日記。她說(shuō)，“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把這本日記當(dāng)作我的朋友，我要把我這個(gè)朋友稱作基蒂”。安妮自從1942年7月起就躲藏在那兒，現(xiàn)在，來(lái)看看她的心情吧。親愛(ài)的基蒂： 我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥(niǎo)兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過(guò)。自從我來(lái)到這里，這一切都變。比方說(shuō)，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺(jué)，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。但是因?yàn)樵鹿馓粒也桓掖蜷_(kāi)窗戶。還有一次，就在五個(gè)月以前的一個(gè)晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開(kāi)著的。我一直等到非關(guān)窗不可的時(shí)候才下樓去。漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮(zhèn)住。這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚 令人傷心的是我只能透過(guò)臟兮兮的窗簾觀看大自然，窗簾懸掛在沾滿灰塵的窗前，但觀看這些已經(jīng)不再是樂(lè)趣，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇悄惚仨氂H身體驗(yàn)的。Using Language Reading, listening and writing 親愛(ài)的王小姐： 我同班上的同學(xué)有件麻煩事。我跟我們班里的一位男同學(xué)一直相處很好，我們常常一起做家庭作業(yè)，而且很樂(lè)意相互幫助。我們成非常好的朋友?？墒?，其他同學(xué)卻開(kāi)始在背后議論起來(lái)，他們說(shuō)我和這位男同學(xué)在談戀愛(ài)，這使我很生氣。我不想中斷這段友誼，但是我又討厭人家背后說(shuō)閑話。我該怎么辦呢? Reading and writing 尊敬的編輯： 我是蘇州高中的一名學(xué)生。我有一個(gè)難題，我不太善于同人們交際。雖然我的確試著去跟班上的同學(xué)交談，但是我還是發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跟他們成為好朋友。因此，有時(shí)候我感到十分孤獨(dú)。我確實(shí)想改變這種現(xiàn)狀，但是我卻不知道該怎么辦。如果您能給我提些建議，我會(huì)非常感激的。Unit2the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke all of them lived in in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other , more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: ’d like to e up to you why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and municate with each fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken was base more on German than the English we speak at gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later new settlers enriched the English language and especially its by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever 1620 some British settlers moved to in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia began to be spoken in both by the 19th century the language was that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English latter gave a separate identity to American English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to that time English became the language for government and is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South the number of people learning English in China is increasing fact, China may have the largest number of English Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will 世界上的英語(yǔ) Reading 通向現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)之路 16世紀(jì)末期大約有5百萬(wàn)到7百萬(wàn)人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，幾乎所有這些人都生活在英國(guó)。后來(lái)，在17世紀(jì)英國(guó)人開(kāi)始航海征服世界其它地區(qū)。于是，許多別的國(guó)家開(kāi)始說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。如今說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多，他們有的是作為第一語(yǔ)言來(lái)說(shuō)，有的是作為第二語(yǔ)言或外語(yǔ)。以英語(yǔ)作為母語(yǔ)的人，即使他們所講的語(yǔ)言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。請(qǐng)看以下例子： 英國(guó)人貝蒂：“請(qǐng)到我的公寓(flat)里來(lái)看看，好嗎?” 美國(guó)人艾米：“好的。我很樂(lè)意到你的公寓(apartment)去?！?那么，英語(yǔ)在一段時(shí)間里為什么會(huì)起變化呢?事實(shí)上，當(dāng)不同文化互相交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語(yǔ)言都會(huì)有所發(fā)展，有所變化。首先，在公元450年到1150年間，人們所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)跟今天所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)就很不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多地是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。然后，漸漸地，大約在公元800年到1150年期間，英語(yǔ)不那么像德語(yǔ)。因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)的英國(guó)的統(tǒng)治者起初講丹麥語(yǔ)后來(lái)講法語(yǔ)。這些新的定居者大大豐富英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言，特別是在詞匯方面。所以到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都大。在1620年，一些英國(guó)人搬遷到美洲定居。后來(lái)，到19世紀(jì)，有些英國(guó)人也被送往澳大利亞，兩個(gè)國(guó)家的人都開(kāi)始說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。最后，到20世紀(jì)，英語(yǔ)才真正定形。那時(shí)，英語(yǔ)在拼寫(xiě)上發(fā)生兩大變化：首先，塞繆爾約翰遜編寫(xiě)詞典，后來(lái)，諾厄韋伯斯特編纂《美國(guó)英語(yǔ)詞典》，后者體現(xiàn)美國(guó)英語(yǔ)拼寫(xiě)的不同特色。現(xiàn)在，英語(yǔ)在南亞也被當(dāng)作外語(yǔ)或第二語(yǔ)言來(lái)說(shuō)。比如說(shuō)，印度擁有眾多講英語(yǔ)很流利的人，這是因?yàn)橛?guó)于1765年到1947年統(tǒng)治過(guò)印度。在那期間，英語(yǔ)成官方語(yǔ)言和教育用語(yǔ)。在新加坡、馬來(lái)西亞和非洲其它國(guó)家，比如南非，人們也說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。目前在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的人數(shù)正在迅速增長(zhǎng)。事實(shí)上，中國(guó)可能擁有世界上最多的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者。中國(guó)英語(yǔ)會(huì)發(fā)展出自己的特色嗎?這只能由時(shí)間來(lái)回答。Using Language 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)和方言 什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)?是在英國(guó)、美國(guó)、加拿大、澳大利亞、印度、新西蘭所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)嗎?信不信由你，(世界上)沒(méi)有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)。許多人認(rèn)為，電視和收音機(jī)里所說(shuō)的就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)，這是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘碾娕_(tái)節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)是最好的英語(yǔ)。然而，在電視和收音機(jī)里，你也會(huì)聽(tīng)出人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話時(shí)的差異。當(dāng)人們用不同于“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)言”的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，那就叫做方言。美國(guó)英語(yǔ)有許多方言，特別是中西部和南部地區(qū)的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美國(guó)有些地區(qū)，即使是相鄰城鎮(zhèn)的兩個(gè)人所說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言都可能稍有不同。美國(guó)英語(yǔ)之所以有這么多的方言是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人是來(lái)自世界各地的緣故。地理位置對(duì)方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響。住在美國(guó)東部山區(qū)的一些人說(shuō)著比較古老的英語(yǔ)方言。當(dāng)美國(guó)人從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去。因此，美國(guó)東南部山區(qū)的人同美國(guó)西北部的人所說(shuō)的方言就幾乎相同。美國(guó)是一個(gè)使用多種方言的大國(guó)。雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬遷，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e、理解彼此的方言。Unit3Journey Down the Mekong My name is Wang since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other Wei soon got time interested in cycling graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it she is planning our schedule for the am fond of my sister but she has one serious can be really she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip I know that the proper way is always her kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we ing back?”I asked her whether she had looked at a map course she hadn’t。my sister doesn’t care about I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting know my sister she has made up her mind, nothing can change , I had to give months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move bees rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan the river bees a water fall and enters wide were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in it leaves China and