【正文】 nit one A An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own ，如同狗自逐其尾，一旦追到手，除了繼續(xù)追逐不知還能做些什么。成功之殘酷正在于它常常讓那些追逐成功者自尋毀滅。Fame39。s spotlight can be hotter than a tropical jungle—a fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully 。騙局很快會(huì)被揭穿，過多的關(guān)注帶來的壓力會(huì)讓大多數(shù)人難以承受。它讓你失去自我。你必須是公眾認(rèn)可的那個(gè)你，而不是真實(shí)的你或是可能的你。藝人，就像政客一樣，必須常常說些違心或連自己都不完全相信的話來取悅聽眾。One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a man39。s soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly would be hardpressed to underline many names of those who have not promised and still succeeded in the fame ，因此一個(gè)藝術(shù)家若能保持真我，會(huì)格外讓人驚嘆。你可能答不上來哪些人沒有妥協(xié)，卻仍然在這場名利的游戲中獲勝。Unit three B I hadn39。t noticed the five men performing at the side of the stage as an introduction to the show.“They39。re seated crosslegged on a rug, dressed in loose white cotton shirts and large black trousers, with fabric around their waists that has been dyed bright are young lads, one is middleaged and one is beats a small drum, another plays a wooden stringed instrument, and the other three have smaller, violinlike pieces they play with a bow.” 我并沒注意到舞臺(tái)那頭的五個(gè)人，他們?cè)谧嘀莩龅拈_場樂曲?！八麄儽P著腿坐在小地毯上，身著寬松的白色棉布襯衫和肥大的黑褲，腰系染成鮮紅色的布帶。他們中三個(gè)是年輕小伙子，還有一位中年樂手和一位老年樂手。他們中一個(gè)擊鼓，另一個(gè)奏著木制的弦樂器，另外三個(gè)用琴弓拉著一種類似小提琴但要小一些的樂器?！盪nit five A Loneliness may be a sort of national disease here, and it39。s more embarrassing for us to admit than any other the other hand, to be alone on purpose, having rejected pany rather than been cast out by it, is one characteristic of an American solitary hunter or explorer needs no one as they venture out among the deer and wolves to tame the great wild , alone in his cabin on the pond, his back deliberately turned to the , that39。s character for ，我們羞于承認(rèn)它，甚于其他任何罪惡。而另一方面，刻意選擇獨(dú)處，拒絕別人的陪伴而非為同伴所棄，卻是美國式英雄的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)。孤獨(dú)的獵人或探險(xiǎn)者去鹿群和狼群中冒險(xiǎn)，征服廣袤的荒野時(shí)，并不需要有人陪伴。梭羅獨(dú)居在湖畔的小屋，有意疏離城市生活?，F(xiàn)在，你應(yīng)有這樣的個(gè)性。Inspiration in solitude is a major modity for poets and 39。re all for all speak highly of themselves for seeking it out, at least for an hour or even two before they hurry home for 。他們都贊成獨(dú)處，都因能夠獨(dú)處而自視甚高，至少在他們匆忙趕回家喝茶之前的一兩個(gè)小時(shí)之內(nèi)是這樣。Thoreau had his own selfimportance for there39。s a message here: The larger the ego, the less the need for other egos more modest and humble we feel, the more we suffer from solitude, feeling ourselves inadequate 。也許這里的啟示是：自我意識(shí)越強(qiáng)，就越不需要其他的人在周圍。我們?cè)绞歉杏X謙卑，就越受孤獨(dú)的折磨，感到僅與自己相處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。Unit seven A Once the genes for surface features such as skin color and height are discounted, the “races” are remarkably alike under the variation among individuals is much greater than the differences among fact, there is no scientific basis for theories advocating the genetic superiority of any one population over 、身高等表面特征的基因，不同的“種族”在外表之下相似地令人吃驚。個(gè)體之間的差異遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于群體之間的差異。實(shí)際上，那種認(rèn)為某一種群比另一種群的基因更優(yōu)越的理論是毫無科學(xué)根據(jù)的 B The not too surprising result was that the children whose parents were simply supportive were happier than average but were not particularly intense in their concentration when studying or working on children who fared best were those whose parents were both supportive and children showed a reasonable level of happiness and were very alert during periods of 。支持型父母的孩子所感到的快樂程度高于平均水平，但學(xué)習(xí)或做事時(shí)精力卻不是那么高度集中。表現(xiàn)最好的孩子的父母結(jié)合了支持和激勵(lì)型的教育。這些孩子顯示了相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的快樂感，在學(xué)習(xí)過程中反應(yīng)也很敏捷。There is general agreement that genuine biological differences exist between individuals。geniuses need to be lucky in both their genes and their most significant implication would seem to be that while most people are in a good position to fulfill their biological potential—barring serious illnesses or a poor diet during childhood—it is far from certain that they will grow up in an environment where that capacity will be ，個(gè)體之間存在著生理差異，要成為天才必須幸運(yùn)地既擁有天才的基因，又擁有能造就天才的父母。最重要的啟示似乎是：盡管大多數(shù)人都有條件很好地去發(fā)揮他們的生理潛能──除非童年時(shí)得了嚴(yán)重疾病，或飲食太差──但是，他們能否成長在一個(gè)能開發(fā)其能力的環(huán)境中則很不確定。Unit eight A On the ground before you is the pile it held—so much like the piles in the other bags, could they be emptied, that all might be bined and mixed in a single heap and the bags refilled without altering the content of any bit of colored glass more or less would not that is how the Great Stuffer of Bags filled them in the first place—who knows? 面前的地上則是袋中所裝的那堆東西──與其他袋子中所倒出的東西幾乎一模一樣，如果把它們混成一大堆，再分裝到各自的袋中，也不會(huì)有多大的不同。多少有點(diǎn)有色玻璃片也沒有什么關(guān)系。也許當(dāng)初上帝這個(gè)裝袋者往我們各自的袋中填塞時(shí)正是這么做的，誰知道呢？ Unit ten A What is the most valuable contribution employees make to their panies, knowledge or judgment? I say , no matter how broad, is useless until it is application takes judgment, which involves something of a sixth sense—a high performance of the ，是知識(shí)還是判斷力？我說是判斷力。不管知識(shí)面有多寬，如果得不到應(yīng)用，就毫無用處。而知識(shí)的應(yīng)用需要判斷力，判斷力涉及某種第六感覺──思維的高度運(yùn)用。But the latest research seems to imply that without the software of emotional maturity and selfknowledge, the hardware of academic training alone is worth less and ，缺乏情感成熟和自我了解這一軟件，純學(xué)術(shù)性的培訓(xùn)這一硬件越來越?jīng)]有價(jià)值。B By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has survey of the children39。s parents and teachers found that those who as fouryearolds had enough selfcontrol to hold out for the second piece of candy generally grew up to be better adjusted, more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and could not endure stress and shied a