【正文】 Their reports, highly technical and sometimes poorly written, went unread. More recently, professional archaeologists have taken over. These researchers have sought to demonstrate that their work can be a valuable tool not only of science but also of history, providing fresh insights into the daily lives of ordinary people whose existences might not otherwise be so well documented. This newer emphasis on archaeology as social history has shown great promise, and indeed work done in this area has led to a reinterpretation of the United States past. In Kingston, New York, for example, evidence has been uncovered that indicates that English goods were being smuggled into that city at a time when the Dutch supposedly controlled trading in the area. And in Sacramento an excavation at the site of a fashionable nieenthcentury hotel revealed that garbage had been stashed in the building39。s basement despite sanitation laws to the contrary. 26. What is the main topic of the passage?A. How the purpose and the methods of historical archaeology have changed. B. How archaeology has been applied to studies of prehistoric . The attitude of professional archaeologists hold toward historical archaeology. D. The contributions make to historical archaeology. 27. According to the passage, what is a relatively new focus in archaeology?A. Studying prehistoric cultures. B. Investigating ancient sites in what is now the United States. C. Comparing the culture of North America to that of . Studying the recent past. 28. According to the passage, when had historical archaeologists been trained as anthropologists?A. Before the 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權歸原作者所有 ) 第 5 頁 共 42 頁 1930sB. During the 1930s and 1940sC. During the 1950s and 1960sD. After the 1960s 29. In the third paragraph, the author implies the questions and techniques of history and those of social science are . A. of equal value in studying prehistoric cultures B. quite different from each otherC. all aiming to understand people39。s behaviorD. all highly technical and poorly written 30. The equivalent of the“supposedly in the last paragraph is .A. rigidlyB. barelyC. seeminglyD. ruthlessly Passage 3 Many of the most damaging and lifethreatening types of weather—— torrential rains, severe thunderstorm, and tornadoes—— begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $ 250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional puter models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting shortlived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow puters to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weatherballoon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events. Until recently, the observation—— intensive approach needed for accurate, very shortrange forecasts, or“Nowcast, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a work were 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權歸原作者所有 ) 第 6 頁 共 42 頁 insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overe most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern puters can quickly pile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and puter scientists now work together to design puter programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is being a reality. author mentions the tornado in Edmonton, Canada, in order to .A. indicate that tornadoes are mon in the summerB. give an example of a damaging stormC. explain different types of weatherD. show that tornadoes occur frequently in Canada 32. All the following are mentioned as an advance in shortrange weather forecasting EXCEPT .A. weather balloonsB. radar systemsC. automated instrumentsD. satellites 33. With Nowcasting, it first became possible to provide information about .A. shortlived local stormsB. radar worksC. longrange weather weather conditions 34. With which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree?A. Communications satellites can predict severe . Meteorologists should standardize puter . The observationintensive approach is no longer . Weather predictions are being more accurate. 35. Nowcasting would be best illustrated by .A. a fiveday forecastB. a warning about a severe thunderstorm on the radioC. the average rainfall for each monthD. a list of temperatures in major cities 中國最大的管理資料下載中心 (收集 \整理 . 部分版權歸原作者所有 ) 第 7 頁 共 42 頁 Passage 4 The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods)