中國(guó)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)改革中的監(jiān)管體系建設(shè)：基本概念與制度框架-文庫(kù)吧
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【正文】 許單純從總支出指標(biāo)、住院率等難以判斷）。 Different systems have different performances, although they may have produced similar results in terms of the safeguarding the health of the citizens. 不論采取何種模式，政府都同時(shí)承擔(dān)了直接提供服務(wù)、出資購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù)和監(jiān)管服務(wù)供給三種責(zé)任。 In all types of systems, governments are involved in supplying, funding and purchasing and regulation. 政府的監(jiān)管體現(xiàn)在服務(wù)供給的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。 Government regulation can be found in all the activities in health care service. 醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系的多樣性 Diversified Health Care Systems 包括醫(yī)療服務(wù)在內(nèi)的公共服務(wù)提供者的組織形式： OECD與中國(guó)的比較 Diversified Systems OECD vs China 一般型 執(zhí)行型 獨(dú)立型 指導(dǎo)型 非營(yíng)利國(guó)有企業(yè) 非營(yíng)利營(yíng)利公司授權(quán) / 獨(dú)立法律上與國(guó)家的分離程度公法 / 私法客戶 部長(zhǎng)資金來(lái)源中國(guó) 政府部局 國(guó)企民非單位 私企私法實(shí)體私人企業(yè)O E C D私人部門(mén)事業(yè)單位公共部門(mén)客戶和私人部門(mén)客戶混合 私人部門(mén)客戶稅收 收費(fèi)，銷售收入，稅收 銷售收入公法實(shí)體其他未分類機(jī)構(gòu)與國(guó)家不可分 在法律上部分或完全分離 法律上分離的實(shí)體政府部局部局附屬代理機(jī)構(gòu)授權(quán) 獨(dú)立公法行政機(jī)構(gòu) 政府企業(yè)資料來(lái)源：張春霖 OECD 國(guó)家醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域總支出占 GDP的比重 Different Performances of Health Care Systems in OECD Countries: Total Health Care Expenditure in GDP 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2023 2023 2023 2023 Australia 7 9 Canada 7 9 e Czech Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. Denmark .. .. 9 Finland France e e Germany .. .. 9 Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. e Japan 3 b e Korea .. .. .. .. Mexico .. .. .. .. .. .. 6 6 Netherlands .. .. 8 Norway 7 e Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. 6 b Spain Sweden Switzerland 7 e United Kingdom 6 7 United States 5 10 15 OECD 國(guó)家醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域支出中政府支出的比例 % Different Performances of Health Care Systems in OECD Countries: Government Health Expenditure in Total Health Care Expenditure 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2023 2023 2023 2023 Australia 63 Canada e Czech Republic .. .. Denmark .. .. 83 Finland 66 79 France 78 e e Germany .. .. 79 Hungary .. .. .. .. .. .. 84 69 e Japan 72 b e Korea .. .. .. .. Mexico .. .. .. .. .. .. Netherlands .. .. 71 Norway e Poland .. .. .. .. .. .. 70 b Spain Sweden .. .. 86 Switzerland .. .. .. .. .. e United Kingdom 87 83 United States 41 不論采取何種模式，政府都同時(shí)承擔(dān)了直接提供服務(wù)、出資購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù)和監(jiān)管服務(wù)供給三種責(zé)任。 In all types of systems, governments are involved in supplying, funding and purchasing and regulation. 政府的監(jiān)管體現(xiàn)在服務(wù)供給的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。 Government regulation can be found in all the activities in health care service. 監(jiān)管是政府所有醫(yī)療服務(wù)系統(tǒng)中的重要組成部分 Government Regulation: An Essential Part of Health Care System 涉及監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域與環(huán)節(jié)分類 Regulation of Health Care Services 監(jiān)管手段 Means 監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域 Regulated Areas 監(jiān)管對(duì)象 Regulatee 需求 Demand 供給 Supply 市場(chǎng)秩序 Market Order 經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì) Economic Incentives 對(duì)影響健康的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行征稅 Taxing 醫(yī)療服務(wù) medical service 醫(yī)生的服務(wù)定價(jià) Pricing of doctors 醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)務(wù)人員 Doctors 資本開(kāi)支審查 (CON) 為醫(yī)院服務(wù)付費(fèi) pricing of hospital service 醫(yī)院 Hospital 資本開(kāi)支的審查 CON 護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)、醫(yī)療設(shè)備 Nursing Houses, Equip 推薦、禁止藥物名單 Drug li
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