【正文】
表示過去確定時間的狀語,如下面兩例中的第二種正確表達(dá)方式。 (3)用句型Itis+段時間+since...表達(dá)原意,如上面兩例中的第三種正確表達(dá)方式。 (4)用句型時間+haspassed+since...表達(dá)原意,如上面兩例中的第四種正確表達(dá)方式。 ,成為可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài),因而可與表示一段時間的狀語連用。如: Hehasn39。tleftheresince1986. Ihaven39。theardfrommyfatherfortwoweeks. ,構(gòu)成not+終止性動詞+until/till...的句型,意為直到……才……。如: Youcan39。tleavehereuntilI,你才能離開這里。 IwillnotgotobeduntilIfinishdrawingthepicture,我才上床睡覺。 ,但不可以用于while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中。when表示的時間是點時間(從句謂語動詞用終止性動詞),也可以是段時間(從句謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞)。而while表示的是一個較長的時間或過程,從句謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞。如: WhenwereachedLondon,itwastwelveo39。clock.(reach為終止性動詞) Pleaselookaftermydaughterwhile/whenweareaway.(beaway為延續(xù)性動詞短語) long連用(只限于肯定式)。如: 誤:Howlonghaveyouehere? 正:Howlonghaveyoubeenhere? 正:Whendidyouehere? 延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞及其轉(zhuǎn)換動詞按其動作發(fā)生的方式、發(fā)生過程的長短可分為延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞。,如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動詞可以與表示時間段的狀語連用。表示時間段的短語有:for+一段時間,for 2 years。 since從句,since he came here。 since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago。 how long。 for a long time等。例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? ,表示不能延續(xù)的動作,這種動作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, e, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。非延續(xù)性動詞在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用,如:two years ago。 at 5 o39。clock。例:He died 5 years ago.否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。例:I haven39。t left here for 3 years. I haven39。t heard from him for 3 weeks. :leave be away, borrow keep, buy have, begin/start be on, die be dead, finish be over, join be in+組織機構(gòu), be a member of+組織機構(gòu), open sth keep sth open, fall ill be ill, get upbe up, catch a cold have a cold, e here be here, go there be there, bee be, e back be back, fall asleep be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach be (in), leave be away from, get to know know, go (get) out →be out, put on→ wear;catch a cold →have a cold等。 例:The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4