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ountryby country basis Costs measured at 70% of Western World gold production Bottomup cost analysis methodology to assess $/tonne mining, ore processing and onsite administration costs, plus benchmarking of fuel, power, labour productivity and other key inputs Global analysis and forecasting of mine supply, breakdown of industry cost structures and trends, benchmarking Gold Mine Production 2022 up 163t or % yoy Latin America North America South Africa Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Other China Australia Argentina Ghana Mine Production: Winners and Losers (Figures represent yearonyear change, . 2022 less 2022) Indonesia China South United Africa States Source: GFMS Russia Mongolia Latin America North America South Africa Other Major Western World Mines39。 Cash Costs (in moneyoftheday terms) Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Australia YearonYear Changes to Cash Costs 464 Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) 478 +10 +12 +6 +5 +5 +3 4 12 +21 33 2022 vs 2022 Mine Production 163 tonne increase equal to % yoy in 2022。 the first annual increase for three years. Strong increases from a suite of new projects and operating mines. Strong country gains in Indonesia, China, Russia, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. All regions posted growth, except for North America. Two largest falls at the mine level were seen in the United States. US dollar denominated total cash costs increased by an average 3%, or $14/oz, to $478/oz in 2022. GFMS’ proprietary ‘AllIn’ Costs measure increased by % to $717/oz. AboveGround Stocks of Gold, end2022 Aboveground Stocks, end 2022 = 166,000t Gold is not “consumed” like most modities。 stocks can be available at the right price… Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Supply from Scrap, Hedging amp。 Official Sales Flat trend since 2022? Net Official Sector Sales Hedging Supply Scrap Secular increase in supply 198799 Source: GFMS Change in Supply from AboveGround Stocks 2022 pared to 2022 Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Regional Changes in Scrap Supply 2022 pared to 2022 Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Jewellery Fabrication amp。 Scrap Supply Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Jewellery Fabrication Scrap Supply AboveGround Jewellery Stocks by Region, end2022 Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) CBGA and Other Gold Sales Other CBGA “CBGA” refers to signatories to the Central Bank Gold Agreement “Other” refers to all other countries Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) Demand 2022 2022 yoy Fabrication Jewellery 2,193 1,759 % Other 696 658 % Total Fabrication 2,889 2,417 % Bar hoarding 386 187 % Net producer dehedging 352 254 % Implied investment 330 1,429 % TOTAL DEMAND 3,957 4,287 % Gold Demand in 2022 Source: GFMS (Gold Survey 2022) World Gold