【正文】 ontain ―包含，含有”，側(cè)重于包含的內(nèi)容或成分，“里面裝有”； include ―包括”，側(cè)重范圍或整體。 Eg:1) Whisky ________ a large percentage of alcohol. 2) The book _________ forty maps, ________ three of Great Britain. contains contains including 7. The nucleus from sheep B and the egg cell from sheep A are joined using electricity. using electricity 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作方式狀語(yǔ)。 聯(lián)手，攜手 參加活動(dòng) 和某人一起做事 參軍，連起來(lái) 從綿羊 B中取出得細(xì)胞核與從綿羊 A中取出得卵細(xì)胞用電流使之結(jié)合。 Join hands join in sth. / doing sth join sb. in sth. join up 辨析： take part in, join ,join in 與 attend take part in 指參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，并以積極的態(tài)度在所參加的活動(dòng)中起作用； join ―加入”團(tuán)體或組織； join in 指參加活動(dòng)和游戲； join sb. In sth. 和某人一起做某事； attend 參加會(huì)議 (聽演講、聽音樂、參加婚禮） 8. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had bee seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 接著傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。研究克隆的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的羊身上，這讓他們很沮喪。 本句中的 news 與 that Dolly had bee seriously ill 是同位語(yǔ)關(guān)系。 一個(gè)名詞或代詞后面有時(shí)可接一個(gè)單詞，短語(yǔ)或從句，對(duì)前者作進(jìn)一步的解釋，說(shuō)明它指的是誰(shuí)或是什么，這就是同位語(yǔ)。 如： Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday. 王先生，我孩子的老師，星期二要來(lái)看我們。 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children. 我，作為家里的長(zhǎng)女，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 disturb vt. 擾亂 , 使不安 , 弄亂 。 disturbed adj. 被擾亂的 , 動(dòng)亂的 , 不安的； disturbing adj. 令人不安的。 特別提示 : 現(xiàn)在分詞表示 : 令人怎么樣 , 過去分詞表示 : 被使得怎么樣 , 感到怎么樣。 如 : an interesting story 令人感興趣的故事 an interested look 感到興趣的表情 surprised people (感到 )驚奇的人們 cast down 使沮喪 發(fā)現(xiàn)突破性克隆動(dòng)物的命運(yùn)使他沮喪。 He felt cast down when he discovered the fate of the breakthrough clone. 不要這么沮喪，打起精神來(lái)！ Don’t be so cast down. Just keep up your spirits. ※ cast down 有兩個(gè)義項(xiàng)：毀掉；使沮喪，另外， cast away 丟棄， cast off 放棄；丟棄， cast out 趕走 be appropriate to… 適合于 …… 的 。 與 …… 相稱的（ =be suitable for a particular person, condition, occasion or place。 fitting) 翻譯下列句子（用 appropriate) 用與你的題目相稱的題材寫。 Write in a style appropriate to your subject. 他的便服 ,不適宜在這樣正式的場(chǎng)合穿。 His casual clothes were not appropriate for such a formal occasion. 9. altogether ① 總之；總共 Altogether there were 18 people in the bus. Altogether our achievements are very great. ② 完全地；全然 客人們并不完全滿意。 The visitors felt not altogether satisfied. 他全然不知該怎么做。 He39。s not altogether sure what to do. 10. On the other hand, Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. raise 在此是“喚起、引起、使出現(xiàn)”之意。 =bring about 翻譯： 他的缺席引起人們對(duì)他安全的擔(dān)心。 His absence raised fears about his safety. 用動(dòng)物作科學(xué)試驗(yàn)引起了一些棘手的道德問題。（ ethical questions) The use of animals in scientific tests raises some difficult ethical questions. a storm of … 常常指感情猛然爆發(fā)或強(qiáng)烈表現(xiàn) 例如： 一陣猛烈的抗議 a storm of protest 一陣彈雨 /箭雨 a storm of bullets/arrows 一陣暴風(fēng)雨般的掌聲 /歡呼聲 a storm of applause/cheers 一陣辱罵 /抨擊 a storm of abuse/criticism Sudden violent outburst or display of strong felling have/make a strong/ great impact on… 對(duì) …… 有（或產(chǎn)生）巨大影響 翻譯 這場(chǎng)反對(duì)吸煙的運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)年輕人有極大的影響。 The antismoking campaign has had quite an impact on young people. 這本書對(duì)讀者產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。 This book made a great impact on its readers. 11. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning,… 各國(guó)政府恐慌不安和保守。一些開始修改法律禁止進(jìn)行克隆人類的研究。 forbid 后面可以接三種搭配 ① 名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ) ②不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ) ③雙賓語(yǔ) forbid