【正文】 tory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions. (147 words)Useful Words and Expressions:determine V．測定；決心；決意determine the velocity測定速度He determined to go．他決意要去。I am determined to do better than 。tend to v. 有某種傾向；有……的趨勢He tends to pitch the ball too high．他往往把球擲得過高。People under stress tend to express their full range of potential. 處于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。survival We need food and water for 。 Passage 6The United Nations In 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Assembly, in the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China, The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars. (156 words)Useful Words and Expressions: Representative n．代表General Assembly聯(lián)合國大會permanent adj．永久的，持久的permanent address固定地址permanent tooth成人齒a permanent Job 固定職業(yè)a permanent mittee常設委員會Security Council troop n．軍隊Passage 7PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are manycolored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them! (160 words)Useful Words and Expressions:Shampoo n．洗發(fā)精，洗發(fā)香波，洗發(fā)manufacture vt．制造，加工manufacture an excuse胡亂編個理由half manufactured半成品（的） a thing of home [foreign] manufacture本國[外國]制品Plastic is an important 。bendable可彎曲的experiment with用……做實驗Passage 8Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children39。s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteenfoot display of one type of product than from a tenfoot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there. (166 words)Useful Words and Expressions:aisle n．走廊，過道roll them in the aisle ［口」使（觀眾）捧腹大笑knock them in the aisle 使（觀眾）捧腹大笑lay them in the aisle 使（觀眾）捧腹大笑rock them in the aisle 使（觀眾）捧腹大笑have them rolling in the aisle 使（觀眾）捧腹大笑trolley n．手推車checkout（超級市場等的）收款臺Passage 9Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the religion39。s rules. Albert was a quiet child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a pass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the pass needle always pointed in the same directionto the north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things. (143 words)Useful Words and Expressions:device n．裝置，設備leave to (one39。s) own devices聽任某人自行其是，允許某人按自己的意愿做事She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the 。pass n．指南針beyond sb.39。 s pass某人力所不及cast/fetch/take a pass 兜圈子，繞道，轉彎抹角keep sth. within pass把某種事物限制在適當?shù)姆秶鷥萻peak within pass s謹慎小心地說within sb.39。s pass某人力所能及的；在某人權力之內的within the pass of在……的范圍內magnetism n．磁，磁力Passage 10Private CarsWith the increase in the general standard of living, some ordinary Chinese families begin to afford a car. Yet opinions of the development of a private car vary from person to person.It gives a much greater degree of fort and mobility. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport, and hence no irritation caused by waiting for buses or taxis. However, others strongly object to developing private cars. They maintain that as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people.Whether private cars should be developed in China is a difficult question to answer, yet