【正文】 can be pleasant / fun.9. 結(jié)果/后果：Hence=for this reason, as a result=Therefore=For that reason=Consequently, Thus=As a result of this=Accordingly, so…that, otherwise, then=in that case=therefore 例: Consequently, we opened an account at the bank. Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was dead.10. 目的：to, in order to (fml)= so as to, so that=in order that 例︰He left early in order that he should/would/might arrive on time. She works hard so that her husband suspects nothing.11. 結(jié)論/總結(jié): As you can see, As I have said, Obviously, Apparently, To sum / end up, To conclude, In brief / short / summary / conclusion / a word, By and large=All in all 例: In summary, recreation is big business. By and large, the pany’s been pretty good to me.Passage OneThere are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists”. And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’s work, to begin it and judge it. The specialist understands one field。 his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist―and especially the administrator—deals with people。 his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an “educated” man。 and humanities are his strongest foundation. Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you ―― but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will bee suspicious of your ability to hold any job. At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job。 it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.1. There is an increasing demand for ______ .A. allround people in their own fieldB. people whose job is to organize other people’s workC. generalists whose educational background is either technical or professionalD. specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others 2. The specialist is ________ .A. a man whose job is to train other peopleB. a man who has been trained in more than one fieldC. a man who can see the forest rather than the treesD. a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters3. The administrator is _______ .A. a “trained” man who is more a specialist than a generalistB. a man who sees the trees as well as the forestC. a man who is very strong in the humanities D. a man who is an “educated” specialist4. During your training period, it is important ______ .A. to try to be a generalist B. to choose a profitable jobC. to find an organization which fits youD. to decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist5. A man’s first job __________.A. is never the right job for him B. should not be regarded as his final jobC. should not be changed or people will bee suspicious of his ability to hold any job D. is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job BDCDBPassage TwoSuccessful international marketing doesn’t stop with good translations—other aspects of culture must be researched and understood if marketers are to avoid blunders. When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, level of literacy, religion, or economic development of a culture, they fail to capture their target market. For example, when a popular American designer tried to introduce a new perfume in the Latin American market, the product aroused little interest and the pany lost a lot of money. Ads for the new fragrance highlighted its fresh camellia scent. What marketers had failed to realize was that camellias are traditionally used for funeral in many South American countries.Procter and Gamble has been successful in marketing its products internationally for many years. Today, overseas markets accounts for over one third of its sales. However, the pany’s success in this area didn’t happen overnight. Procter and Gamble initially experienced huge losses because marketing managers did not recognize important cultural differences. For instance, when Pamp。 G first entered the Japanese market with its popular Cheer laundry detergent, most Japanese housewives weren’t interested. The promotional campaign that emphasized Cheer as an effective “all temperature” detergent was lost on the Japanese who usually wash clothes in cold water. Although the ad had been quite successful in the United States where clothes are washed in all temperatures, it fell flat in Japan. All of this could have been avoided if Pamp。G marketers had done more preliminary research before launching the campaign. Once Pamp。G changed its strategy and promised superior cleaning in cold water, sales for Cheer picked up dramatically.The use of numbers can also be a source of problems for international marketers. Since every culture has its own set of lucky and unlucky numbers, panies need to do their homework i