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ts given to consortia of academics and industrial partners within a number of the states— a Brite Euram bid would normally be led by an industrialist. In terms of dissemination of knowledge, two quite different strands appear to have emerged. The UK and the USA have concentrated primarily upon disseminating basic research in refereed journal publications: ASCE, ICE and other journals. Whereas the continental Europeans have frequently disseminated basic research at conferences where the circulation of the proceedings is restricted. Additionally, language barriers have proved to be very difficult to break down. In countries where English is a strong second language there has been enthusiastic participation in international conferences based within continental Europe — . Germany, Italy, Belgium, The Netherlands and Switzerland. However, countries where English is not a strong second language have been hesitant participants }— . France. Posttensioned concrete rail bridge analysis Ove Arup and Partners carried out an inspection and assessment of the superstructure of a 160 m long posttensioned, segmental railway bridge in Manchester to determine its loadcarrying capacity prior to a transfer of ownership, for use in the Metrolink light rail system.. Particular attention was paid to the integrity of its posttensioned steel elements. Physical inspection, nondestructive radar testing and other exploratory methods were used to investigate for possible weaknesses in the bridge. Since the sudden collapse of YnysyGwas Bridge in Wales, UK in 1985, there has been concern about the longterm integrity of segmental, posttensioned concrete bridges which may be prone to ‘brittle’ failure without warning. The corrosion protection of the posttensioned steel cables, where they pass through joints between the segments, has been identified as a major factor affecting the longterm durability and consequent strength of this type of bridge. The