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By July 2021, 800 million ? Carol Temopir and Lisa Ennis (1998) “In the digital age, the biggest change is increased user expectations. Increasingly, users expect to be able to find everything online, fulltext. Technology lets us do much more, but it also increases expectations about what we can do” 在數(shù)碼時(shí)代 , 讀者期望所有全文資料都可在線上找到 ? A survey was conducted on 150 academic library web sites in 1999, 45% (67) survey libraries offered digital reference service 3. What is Digital (Electronic, Virtual) Reference Service? 數(shù)碼參考服務(wù) ? Answering the questions of users via the Inter OR ? Interbased Reference Service OR ? “AskANExpert” (“AskA” services) are Interbased Qamp。A services that connect users with individuals who possess specialized subject or skill expertise. Current DRS offer 2 main types of expertisesubject matter (providing mostly factual information) and process (providing mostly resource referral and instruction). –Virtual Reference Desk 網(wǎng)上問答服務(wù) , 連接讀者與專家 . 兩種服務(wù) : 主題答案和指示過程 4. Quality of DRS according to VRF DRS的特質(zhì) ? Accessible or webbased query forms 易於接近的 ? Fast turnaround – . 100% within 12 working days 快速 ? Clear response policy 回覆措施要清楚 ? Interactive – . realtime reference interviews 交互式 ? Instructive 指導(dǎo)性 ? Authoritative 權(quán)威性 ? Training – to prepare experts 訓(xùn)練安排 ? Private 保密 ? Reviewed 經(jīng)評論的 ? Publicize 推廣的 5. Developments of DRS DRS 的發(fā)展 A) Email 電子郵件 ? 1994 ALA Guidelines for Electronic Mail Reference Service Describe the ser