【正文】
........... 22 行星齒輪的 PRO/E 建模 ........................................................................................................ 22 齒輪的建模: ...................................................................................................................... 23 行星齒輪的裝配 ..................................................................................................................... 24 高速級的裝配體 .................................................................................................................. 24 總裝圖的分解視圖 .............................................................................................................. 26 . 行星齒輪的傳動運(yùn)動仿真與分析 ....................................................................................... 26 齒輪傳動運(yùn)動仿真 .............................................................................................................. 26 總傳動部分運(yùn)動仿真與分析 ............................................................................................. 30 5 平面凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)的建模與仿真 .................................................................................................... 33 平面凸輪的 PRO/E 建模 ........................................................................................................ 33 從動凸輪的建模: .............................................................................................................. 33 從動凸輪的建模 .................................................................................................................. 34 平面凸輪的裝配 .................................................................................................................. 34 平面凸輪的傳動運(yùn)動仿真與分析 ...................................................................................... 35 總傳動部分運(yùn)動仿真與分析 .............................................................................................. 37 結(jié) 論 ........................................................................................................................................... 39 參考文獻(xiàn) ....................................................................................................................................... 40 附錄 一 ........................................................................................................................................... 42 致 謝 ........................................................................................................................................... 44 崔振龍 : 基于 Pro/E 農(nóng)機(jī)典型機(jī)構(gòu)的建模與仿真 1 基于 Pro/E 農(nóng)機(jī) 典型機(jī)構(gòu)的建模與仿真 崔振龍 (甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化及其自動化專業(yè),甘肅蘭州, 730070) 摘要: 本文以捷達(dá) EA113 汽油機(jī)的相關(guān)參數(shù)作為參考,對四缸汽油機(jī)的曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的主要零部件進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,并對曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了有關(guān)運(yùn)動學(xué)和動力學(xué)的理論分析與計(jì)算機(jī)仿真分析。 首先,以運(yùn)動學(xué)和動力學(xué)的理論知識為依據(jù),對曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動規(guī)律以及在運(yùn)動中的受力等問題進(jìn)行詳盡的分析,并得到了精確的分析結(jié)果。其次分別對活塞組、連桿組以及曲軸進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),并進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度和剛度的校核。再次,應(yīng)用三維 CAD 軟件:Pro/Engineer 建立了曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)各零部件的幾何模型,在此工作的基礎(chǔ)上,利用 Pro/E 軟件的裝配功能,將曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的各組成零件裝配成活塞組件、連桿組件和曲軸組件,然后利用 Pro/E 軟件的機(jī)構(gòu)分析模塊 (Pro/Mechanism),建立曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的多剛體動力學(xué)模型,進(jìn)行運(yùn)動學(xué)分析和動力學(xué)分析模擬,研究了在不考慮外力作用并使曲軸保持勻速轉(zhuǎn)動的情況下,活塞和連桿的運(yùn)動規(guī)律以及曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動包絡(luò)。仿真結(jié)果的分析表明,仿真結(jié)果與發(fā)動機(jī)的實(shí)際工作狀況基本一致,文章介紹的仿真方法為曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的選型 、優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)提供了一種新思路。 關(guān)鍵詞: 受力分析;仿真建模;運(yùn)動分析; Pro/E FRIST NAME Second namethird name ( Major in 08nongji in the College of cui zhenlong of Gansu Agriculture University,Gansu Lanzhou, 730070) Abstract: This article refers to by the Jeeta EA113 gasoline engine’s related parameter achievement, it has carried on the structural design pution for main parts of the crank link mechanism in the gasoline engine with four cylinders, and has carried on theoretical analysis and simulation analysis in puter in kinematics and dynamics for the crank link mechanism. First, motion laws and stress in movement about the crank link mechanism are analyzed in detail and the precise analysis results are obtained. Next separately to the piston group, the linkage as well as the crank carries on the detailed structural design, and has carried on the structural strength and the rigidity examination. Once more, applys threedimensional CAD software Pro/Engineer establishing the geometry models of all kinds of parts in the crank link mechanism, then useing the Pro/E software assembling function assembles the ponents of crank link into the piston module, the connecting rod module and the crank module, then using Pro/E software mechanism analysis module (Pro/Mechanism), establishes the multirigid dynamics model of the crank link, and carries on the kinematics analysis and the dynamics analysis simulation, and it studies the piston and the connecting rod movement rule as well as crank link motion gear movement envelopment. The analysis of simulation results shows that those simulation results are meet to true working state of 崔振龍 : 基于 Pro/E 農(nóng)機(jī)典型機(jī)構(gòu)的建模與仿真 2 engine. It also shows that the simulation method introduced here can offer a new efficient and convenient way for the mechanism choosing and optimized design of crankconnecting rod mechanism in engine. Key words: Analysis of Force; Modeling of Simulation; Movement Analysis; Pro/E 1 前言 選題的目的和意義 曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)是發(fā)動機(jī)的傳遞運(yùn)動和動力的機(jī)構(gòu),通過它把活塞的往復(fù)直線運(yùn)動轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榍S的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動而輸出動力。因此,曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)是發(fā)動機(jī)中主要的受力部件,其工作可靠性就決定了發(fā)動機(jī)工作的可靠性。隨著發(fā)動機(jī)強(qiáng)化指標(biāo)的不斷提高,機(jī)構(gòu)的工作條件更加復(fù)雜。在多種周期性變化載荷的作 用下,如何在設(shè)計(jì)過程中保證機(jī)構(gòu)具有足夠的疲勞強(qiáng)度和剛度及良好的動靜態(tài)力學(xué)特性成為曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵性問題 [1]。 通過設(shè)計(jì),確定發(fā)動機(jī)曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)和零部件結(jié)構(gòu),包括必要的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸確定、運(yùn)動學(xué)和動力學(xué)分析、材料的選取等,以滿足實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的需要。 在傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)模式中,為了滿足設(shè)計(jì)的需要須進(jìn)行大量的數(shù)值計(jì)算,同時為了滿足產(chǎn)品的使用性能,須進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度、剛度、穩(wěn)定性及可靠性等方面的設(shè)計(jì)和校核計(jì)算,同時要滿足校核計(jì)算,還需要對曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行動力學(xué)分析。 為了真實(shí)全面地了解機(jī)構(gòu)在實(shí)際運(yùn)行工況下的力學(xué)特性,本文 采用了多體動力學(xué)仿真技術(shù),針對機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了實(shí)時的,高精度的動力學(xué)響應(yīng)分析與計(jì)算,因此本研究所采用的高效、實(shí)時分析技術(shù)對提高分析精度,提高設(shè)計(jì)水平具有重要意義,而且可以更直觀清晰地了解曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)在運(yùn)行過程中的受力狀態(tài),便于進(jìn)行精確計(jì)算,對進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)動機(jī)的平衡與振動、發(fā)動機(jī)增壓的改造等均有較為實(shí)用的應(yīng)用價值。 國內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀 多剛體動力學(xué)模擬是近十年發(fā)展起來的機(jī)械計(jì)算機(jī)模擬技術(shù),提供了在設(shè)計(jì)過程中對設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行分析和優(yōu)化的有效手段,在機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域獲得越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。它是利用計(jì)算機(jī)建造的模型對實(shí)際系 統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,將分析的方法用于模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),充分利用已有的基本物理原理,采用與實(shí)際物理系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)相似的研究方法,在計(jì)算機(jī)上運(yùn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。目前多剛體動力學(xué)模擬軟件主要有 Pro/Mechanics, Working mod