【正文】 nds upon the cutting tool and the work piece makes the relative motion to to the surface method of formation, the machining may divide into the knife point path law, the formed cutting tool law, the generating process three kinds. The knife point path law is depends upon the knife point to be opposite in the work piece surface path, obtains the superficial geometry shape which the work piece requests, like the turning outer annulus, the shaping plane, the grinding outer annulus, with the profile turning forming surface and so on, the knife point path are decided the cutting tool and the work piece relative motion which provides in the engine bed。 The formed cutting tool law abbreviation forming, is with the formed cutting tool which 3 matches with the work piece final superficial outline, or the formed grinding wheel and so on processes the formed surface, like formed turning, formed milling and form grinding and so on, because forms the cutting tool the manufacture quite to be difficult, therefore only uses in processing the short formed surface generally。 The generating process name rolls cuts method, is when the processing the cutting tool and the work piece do unfold the movement relatively, the cutting tool and the work piece centrode make the pure trundle mutually, between both maintains the definite transmission ratio relations, obtains the processing surface is the knife edge in this kind of movement envelope, in the gear processing rolls the tooth, the gear shaping, the shaving, the top horizontal jade piece tooth and rubs the tooth and so on to be the generating process machining has at the same time the knife point path law and the formed cutting tool method characteristic, like thread turning. The machining quality mainly is refers to the work piece the processing precision and the surface quality (including surface roughness, residual stress and superficial hardening).Along with the technical progress, the machining quality enhances 18th century later periods, the machining precision counts by the millimeter。 At the beginning of 20th century, machining precision Gao Yida millimeter。 To the 5039。s, the machining precision has reached a micron level。 The 7039。s, the machining precision enhances to micron. The influence machining quality primary factor has aspects and so on engi ne bed, cutting tool, jig, work piece semifinished materials, technique and processing improve the machining quality, must take the suitable measure to the above various aspects, like reduces the engine bed work error, selects the cutting tool correctly, improves the semifinished materials quality, the reasonable arrangement craft, the improvement environmental condition and so on. Enhances the cutting specifications to enhance the material excision rate, is enhances the machining efficiency the essential monly used highly effective machining method has the highspeed cutting, the force cutting, the plasma arc heating cuts and vibrates the cutting and so on. The grinding speed is called the highspeed grinding in 45 meters/second above the highspeed cutting (or grinding) both may enhance the efficiency, and may reduce the surface highspeed cutting (or grinding) requests the engine bed to have the high speed, the high rigidity, the high efficiency and the vibrationproof good craft system。 Requests the cutting tool to have the reasonable geometry parameter and the convenience tight way, but also must consider the safe reliable chip breaking method. The force cutting refers to the roughing feed or cuts the deep machining greatly, uses in the turning and the grinding force turning main characteristic is the lathe tool besides the main cutting edge, but also some is parallel in the work piece has processed superficial the 4 vicecutting edge simultaneously to participate in the cutting, therefore may enhance to feed quantity pared to the general turning several times of even several with the highspeed cutting, the force cutting cutting temperature is low, the cutting tool life is long, the cutting efficiency is high。 The shorting is processes the surface to be force cutting, the radial direction cutting force death of a parent is not suitable for to process the tall and slender work piece very much. The vibration cutting is along the cutting tool direction of feed, the attachment low frequency or the high frequency vibration machining, may enhance the cutting low frequency vibration cutting has the very good chip breaking effect, but does not use the chip breaking equipment, makes the knife edge intensity to increase, time the cutting total power dissipation pared to has the chip breaking installment ordinary cutting to reduce about 40%.The high frequency vibration cutting also called the ultrasonic wave vibration cutting, is helpful in reduces between the cutting tool and the work piece friction, reduces the cutting temperature, reduces the cutting tool the coherence attrition, thus the enhancement cutting efficiency and the processing surface quality, the cutting tool life may enhance 40% approximately. To lumber, plastic, rubber, glass, marble, granite and so on nonmetallic material machining, although is similar with the metal mater