【正文】 he brain. Something mysterious will always remain, and maybe that39。s as it should be.（1）What is Kang Byoungwook doing? lost in nature. up his strength. to control a forest fire. firefighters under stress.（2）What does Lisa Nisbet think of being outdoors? is overlooked by people. has nothing to do with happiness. Koreans show great interest in it. need more evidence for its benefits.（3）What benefit of nature did Stephen Kaplan find? affects people39。s feelings. lowers the risks of diseases. helps improve mental performance. does more good than physical exercise.（4）What would be the best title for the text? life in forests brain on nature future of forest healing benefits of a stressfree life【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，由韓國患創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙的消防員接受森林治愈談起，介紹了大自然對我們身心健康的益處。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Kang Byoungwook has tea made from the bark of an elm tree, practices yoga (瑜伽), and makes a picture with dried flowers.”可知，Kang Byoungwook正在接受森林治愈：品茶、做瑜伽、做手工。他完全沉浸在大自然之中。故選A。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“ But how many of us get to enjoy nature regularly? Fewer and fewer 和 evidence for the benefits of nature is pouring in at a time when we are most disconnected from it”以及第四段中Lisa Nisbet所說的話可知，他認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代人忽視了大自然的重要性，戶外活動少了。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“had better attention and shortterm memory ”可知，Stephen Kaplan的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)親近大自然可以提高注意力和短期記憶力，也就是說提高了大腦的工作效率。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要介紹了森林治愈和大自然對于人類健康尤其是大腦工作效率和減緩壓力方面的益處，故B項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最符合文章的主旨。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．犇犇閱讀理解 A good disguise keeps you hidden, right? Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金屬彩虹色) can visually puzzle predators, which allows colorful prey to survive another day. Those surprising results appear in the journal Scientific Reports. Shining iridescent color, which changes depending on the angle from which it39。s viewed, is favored by everything from birds to beetles and blossoms to butterflies. And in our research group we are of course interested in why this vivid metallic color is so widespread in nature. Karin Kjernsmo of the University of Bristol adds that in some cases the showy splashes of light are a sexual strategy. Here I would like to point out that in some species, particularly those that display strong sexual dimorphism(雌雄兩性), such as birds of paradise or some butterflies or fishes, the occurrence of iridescence is most likely driven by sexual selection. For example, in many of these cases it is the males that have these vivid iridescent colors and they use them in mate choice or they use them as a signal to attract mates. But iridescence also shows up in situations where reproduction is not an issue. So what we are studying now is whether natural selection imposed by predation(捕食行為) could explain the occurrence of iridescence in prey animals. The idea that eye173。catching colors could be used as a cover173。up isn39。t a new one. The father of camouflage theory, Abbott Thayer, really believed that iridescence should be categorized as a camouflage strategy. And he wrote in his famous lifework Concealing173。Coloration in the Animal Kingdom, already in 1909, that 39。brilliantly changeable or metallic colors are among the strongest factors in an animal39。s concealment39。. And this sounds like a pletely unreasonable thing to say, because how can colors that are both brilliant and changeable contribute to animal39。s concealment？ In a similar way, we were asking whether iridescence, due to its changeability, could work as a form of camouflage by preventing shape recognition. Kjernsmo and her colleagues trained bumblebees to associate a particular shape—a circle or an oval—with a sugar reward. And they found that the bees, when given a choice, would preferentially visit the shape they knew to be sweet. But when the shapes were iridescent, the bees had trouble telling them apart. It seemed that the strikingly iridescent surfaces on our targets visually broke up the otherwise recognizable shape of the targets, which made them hard to distinguish. As for making use of this method for hiding in plain sight, Any practical applications is of course directly linked to any industry that has an interest in camouflage, that is how to conceal objects or make them more difficult to recognize. The researchers are currently conducting experiments with birds, which often prey on iridescent insects to see if it helps to have a bird39。s173。eye view.（1）According to the passage, iridescence is not made use of by animals to ________. A.live a little longer by escaping their predator(捕食者)B.catch the attention of their matesC.conceal themselves when in dangerD.catch sight of more colorful preys（2）From the study in the last paragraph, we can learn that ________. A.Bees can always tell the difference between a circle and an ovalB.Bees are creatures that are fascinated by sweet things that are iridescentC.If a circle, with a sugar reward, is iridescent, the bees may have difficulty finding itD.Bees are likely to prefer circles to ovals, whether they are iridescent or not（3）What will be talked about in the following paragraph? A.Whether there are any differences between bees and birds.B.Some industries that have great interest in camouflage.C.Why birds are not effected by iridescent insects.D.Which camouflage theory applies more to birds.（4）Which of the following might serve as the best title of the passage? A.A famous camouflage strategyB.Metallic iridescent as the best disguiseC.Colors unique to animalsD.Shining colors as a sexual strategy【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了彩虹色有助于生物隱藏。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A good disguise keeps you hidden, right? Well, sometimes the best disguise is actually the most dazzling because research reveals that flashy metallic iridescence(金屬彩虹色) ca