【正文】 as invented, the oceans were open to travel. And many new discoveries were made with the help of it.Gunpowder It was one of the greatest inventions. It is said that in the 3rd century a Chinese man wrote about how to make it. At first, it was used for making fireworks. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. The method of making it was spread throughout most parts of Eurasia by the end of 13th century.Paper making China was the first country in the world to make paper. During the Western Han Dynasty （206 BC一9 AD）, paper was made in some places in China, It was developed in the Eastern Han Dynasty （25 AD 220 AD） by Cai Lun. He made paper with bark, ropes, rags and so on. Before it was invented, the ancient Chinese carved characters on animal bones and stones. They also wrote them on bamboo and wooden sticks.Printing It was developed in 1041~1048 in the Song Dynasty. A man named Bi Sheng carved characters on pieces of clay and wood. Then he put ink on them. After the characters were printed on paper, the pieces of clay or wood could be used again. This technology then spread to Korea, Japan and Europe. It was the basic method at that time.（1）After the ____________ was invented, the oceans were open to travel. A.passB.printingC.gunpowderD.papermaking（2）At first, gunpowder was used for____________. A.finding directionsB.making fireworksC.carving charactersD.writing（3）Printing was developed in the____________. A.Tang DynastyB.Song DynastyC.Han DynastyD.Qing Dynasty（4）The best title for the reading material is____________. A.The Four Dynasties of Ancient ChinaB.The Four Great Inventors of Ancient ChinaC.The Four Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaD.The Four Great History Characters of Ancient China【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文講述了中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明，指南針，火藥，造紙和印刷。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)pass的信息中After it was invented, the oceans were open to travel 可知，指南針發(fā)明后，海洋向旅游開(kāi)放，故選A。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)gunpowder的信息中At first, it was used for making fireworks 可知， 起初，火藥被用于制作煙火，故選B。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)printing的信息中It was developed in 1041~1048 in the Song Dynasty 可知， 印刷術(shù)是在宋朝發(fā)展起來(lái)的 ，故選B。 （4）主旨題。根據(jù)本文講述了中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明，指南針，火藥，造紙和印刷可知，The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China 中國(guó)古代的四大發(fā)明，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4．閱讀理解 We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress? Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new dress. It will help with the problems of different styles for women39。s dresses. The dress maker called the special dress a 4D dress. It is like the fabric（織物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes. The pany, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app（應(yīng)用軟件）. They can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn39。t it very interesting? When she talked about her work, Jessica said, There will be many more changeable dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them too. I can39。t wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women.（1）What will the 4D dress do for women? A.It39。ll make women relax themselves a lot.B.It39。ll turn into different styles for women.C.It will help women keep thin and beautiful.D.It will help women find good jobs easily.（2）What does the underlined word It here refer to? A.The 4D dress.B.The 3D printing technology.C.A pany.D.The dress maker.（3）What will Jessica do in the future? A.She will have many panies around the world.B.She will buy a very new smartphone and an app.C.She will make many more changeable dresses.D.She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.（4）From the passage, we can infer（推斷）that . A.Jessica Rosenkrantz used a mon thing to make a 4D dressB.a 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapesC.the pany in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dressesD.women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dresses【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】用3D打印技術(shù)制作出來(lái)的4D裙子可以解決很多女士的時(shí)尚問(wèn)題。4D裙子就像織物一樣可以隨意改變它的款式。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句 It will help with the problems of different styles for women39。s dresses. It is like the fabric. It can turn into different kinds of ，故選B。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句The dress maker called the special dress a 4D dress. It is like the fabric（織物）. It can turn into different kinds of ，4D裙子可以改變它的形狀，故選A。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句There will be many more changeable （可變的） dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them, too. I can39。t wait to make different kinds of new dresses for ，想要去制作這些衣服，故選C。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句If women use the phone and the app, they can change the color, the style and many other things of the dresses.，可知女生可以通過(guò)軟件來(lái)改變衣服的風(fēng)格，故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解題。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問(wèn)題，弄清問(wèn)題的大意；然后帶著問(wèn)題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。5．閱讀理解 Vaccines should keep people healthy and away from the fear of diseases. However, some problematic vaccines found in China have caused big worries and anger among people recently. Since 2011, 12 types of vaccines, such as vaccines for rabies and the flu, have been sold illegally in 24 provinciallevel areas. Together they are worth more than 570 million yuan and were sold by a mother and daughter crime（犯罪）team. The mother, surnamed Pang, once worked at a hospital in Shandong. After leaving the hospital, Pang began to sell vaccines without a licence. Qualified panies made the vaccines, but Pang did not keep them at a low temperature. As a result, the vaccines could lose their effect. Pang and some other criminals have already been arrested. Local governments are still tracing（追蹤）the problematic vaccines in different areas. Although the governments are working on the case, it has caused worries in the public. Some parents worry that the problematic vaccines could be toxic（有毒的）and refuse to take their children to get vaccinated in hospitals. But according to the World Health Organization, there is little risk of these vaccines, and they are seldom toxic. The WHO still encourages parents to protect their children39。s health through vaccination.（1）How many types of problematic vaccines have been found in China?