【正文】 。C.friendlyD.patient（4）According to the passage, which of the following is the most important to Tolstoy? A.Family.B.Success.C.Wealth.D.Fame （名聲）.（5）What does the passage mainly talk about? A.Leo Tolstoy: Living for writing.B.Leo Tolstoy: Influencing the world.C.Leo Tolstoy: Being the best in everything.D.Leo Tolstoy: Searching for the meaning of life.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）B（4）A（5）D 【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介紹了著名的俄羅斯作家 Leo Tolstoy 的生平以及他對(duì)生命的意義的尋找。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段 In 1850s. Tolstoy wrote his first stories. He wrote about his life in the army. 在18世紀(jì)50年代，他寫(xiě)了他在軍隊(duì)的生活，可知，①為最早發(fā)生的事；根據(jù)第三段最后一句These works were published and Tolstoy became a wellknown ， Leo Tolstoy成為一位著名的作家，可知⑤隨后發(fā)生；根據(jù)第五段 So in the 1860s, Tolstoy tried a different way to find the meaning of life. He opened a school for the children of his serfsthe people who worked on his land. 所以在18世紀(jì)60年代，他為農(nóng)奴的孩子們——在他的土地上工作的人們——開(kāi)辦了一所學(xué)校，④發(fā)生在18世紀(jì)60年代；根據(jù)第六段So in 1862, Leo Tolstoy married a young woman named Sonya Behrs. 可知，在1862年，Leo Tolstoy與一個(gè)名叫Sonya Behrs的年輕女子結(jié)婚，②發(fā)生在1862年；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段 The next 15 years were the best years of Tolstoy39。s life. It was during this time that he wrote his most famous booksWar and Peace and Anna Karenina. 他寫(xiě)了他最著名的書(shū)《戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平》和《安娜卡列尼娜》，可知在婚后的15年里，托爾斯泰寫(xiě)了《戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平》等書(shū)，③發(fā)生在1862年后。因此事件發(fā)生的正確順序?yàn)椋孩佗茛堍冖?。故選C。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 As a young man, he thought people could achieve perfection if they tried hard enough. 作為一個(gè)年輕人，他認(rèn)為如果人們足夠努力就可以達(dá)到完美的狀態(tài)，可知他年輕人想做最好的那一個(gè)，是因?yàn)樗脒_(dá)到完美。故選B。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段 He wanted to help them because he thought they were more honest than the rich people he knew. 可知，Leo Tolstoy幫助這些工人是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為工人們比他認(rèn)識(shí)的富人更為誠(chéng)實(shí)。故選B。 （4）推理判斷題。 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二端In these books, Tolstoy believed humans should live a simple life and take care of their families. Tolstoy thought this would satisfy him and bring him happiness. 在這些書(shū)里，Tolstoy相信人們應(yīng)該過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的生活并照顧家庭。Tolstoy認(rèn)為這會(huì)使他愉快并給他帶來(lái)快樂(lè)，因此對(duì)Tolstoy來(lái)說(shuō)，最重要的是家庭。故選A。 （5）主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了著名的俄羅斯作家 Leo Tolstoy 的生平以及他對(duì)生命的意義的尋找。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，首先快速瀏覽、分析問(wèn)題，抓住關(guān)鍵詞；其次帶著問(wèn)題通讀全文，了解文章大意，找到依據(jù)，確定答案；最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。3．閱讀理解 The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns （呵欠） contagious （傳染的）? What39。s up with icecream headaches? Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies. Why do I get a headache when I eat ice cream too quickly? Scientists aren39。t exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe it39。s the result of changed blood .flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise。 that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an icecream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things. What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when I39。m hungry? Actually, your stomach makes noise whether you39。re hungry or full。 you just hear it more clearly when you39。re hungry. Think of your digestive tract（消化道）as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. ___________. It can make you feel embarrassed（尷尬的）but is nothing to worry about. Why do I blush when I39。m embarrassed? When you39。re embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline（腎上腺素）, which makes your heart race and blood vessels bee larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery throughout the body in a fightorflight reaction（對(duì)抗反應(yīng)）. There are a lot of tiny blood vessels in your face, which turn noticeably redder from this sudden rush of blood. As for the actual function of blushing, researchers are still trying to find that one out. Why are yawns contagious? Have you ever yawned in front of someone, only to have them yawn right back? It39。s a mon thing, but researchers don39。t have a good explanation for it. They do, however, know this happens only with humans and chimpanzees（黑猩猩）. A bigger question puzzling scientists is why we yawn at all. It used to be thought that yawning showed that oxygen to the brain was not enough, but that39。s just a myth. A growing body of research now shows that yawning is nature39。s way of keeping our brains cool.（1）What is the meaning of the underlined word tighten? A.變松B.變緊C.變短D.變長(zhǎng)（2）Which of the following sentences can be filled in the blank? A.And that39。s what you39。re hearing when your stomach makes noise.B.And that39。s why you39。re so hungry when your stomach is emptyC.And that39。s what makes you feel unfortable when you39。re full.D.And that39。s how it makes a difference to your digestive tract.（3）Which of the following statements is TRUE? A.There is no way for you to improve an icecream headache.B.Researchers have found out the actual function of blushing.C.Your stomach makes noise only when you are hungry.D.Researchers don39。t have a good explanation for why yawns are contagious.（4）What is the best title of the passage? A.Some Interesting FactsB.Our Strange BodyC.Some Useful DiscoveriesD.Our Amazing Feelings【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹提供一些問(wèn)題和答案來(lái)說(shuō)明人體是一臺(tái)能提出許多有趣問(wèn)題的機(jī)器。（1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then relax to let blood flow rise。 that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache然后放松，讓血液流動(dòng)起來(lái)；這種突然的血液流動(dòng)是導(dǎo)致頭痛的原因。你可以通過(guò)快速地將舌頭摩擦到口腔頂部來(lái)幫助熱身來(lái)改善冰淇淋頭痛。由relax，放松，動(dòng)詞，可知放松讓血液流動(dòng)，推知阻止血液流動(dòng)的應(yīng)該是變緊，因此tighten的意思是變緊，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. 把你的消化道想象成一條很長(zhǎng)的管道，內(nèi)襯著平滑肌組織。這些肌肉通過(guò)消化道輸送食物、液體和氣體?？梢淹浦@些肌肉通過(guò)消化道輸送食物、液體和氣體。就會(huì)在胃里產(chǎn)生聲音。故選A。（3）判斷正誤題。根據(jù)You can improve an icecream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up ?？芍x項(xiàng)A不符合文章內(nèi)容，故排除A；As