【正文】
osest Iamp。39。ve ever gotten to a college graduation.amp。rdquo。高度贊美斯坦福大學(xué)是最好的大學(xué)之一,就是在與聽眾發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián),讓大家產(chǎn)生好感,當(dāng)然老喬還用了適當(dāng)?shù)挠哪玫厝谇⒘伺c聽眾的關(guān)系,amp。ldquo。簡(jiǎn)潔、有效amp。rdquo。本就是喬布斯的演講風(fēng)格。除此之外,還有其他的一些開篇方式,我們也需要了解和掌握。 1. State the importance of your topic(指出演講話題的重要性)。直接告訴聽眾,你的演講重要在哪里。比如:今天要做的是一場(chǎng)amp。ldquo。英語(yǔ)演講的藝術(shù)amp。rdquo。的演講,那開始就直接指出,該演講對(duì)于大家今后的學(xué)習(xí)工作將會(huì)有重大的幫助,甚至給出一些數(shù)據(jù)和實(shí)例,讓聽眾明白不聽這個(gè)演講將會(huì)是我的損失。這樣,聽眾就會(huì)很樂(lè)意投入到該次演講中去。2. Startle the audience (使聽眾震驚)。例如:要做一場(chǎng)關(guān)于amp。ldquo。生活方式與疾病amp。rdquo。的演講,開篇就可以給出一組極具沖擊力的數(shù)據(jù),讓聽眾看到生活方式的不健康將會(huì)是多么可怕的事情,這樣的震驚使聽眾能夠快速調(diào)整狀態(tài),投入到聽演講中去。3. Arouse the curiosity of the audience(引起聽眾的好奇心)4. Question the audience(向觀眾提問(wèn))。5. Begin with a quotation(以引用開篇)。6. Tell a story (以故事開篇)。這些基本開篇的方式被無(wú)數(shù)的演講證明是實(shí)用而且有效的。 結(jié)尾往往可以起到amp。ldquo。畫龍點(diǎn)睛amp。rdquo。的作用,開篇正文再好,如果結(jié)尾過(guò)于平淡,整個(gè)演講的精彩程度都會(huì)大打折扣。那么如何做到amp。ldquo。結(jié)尾有道amp。rdquo。呢?首先,我們來(lái)看看喬布斯的這篇演講稿,他的結(jié)尾比開篇更加出彩,采用的是amp。ldquo。end with a quotationamp。rdquo。,達(dá)到的效果是特別引人深思。他在結(jié)尾說(shuō)道,amp。ldquo。Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: amp。quot。Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.amp。quo