【正文】 f work would be acplished would not result in additional payroll costs because fourday employees would only be paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, panies would have fewer overworked and errorprone employees for the same money, which would increase pany benefits. For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rate. If many fulltime employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate. Finally, the option of a fourday workweek would be better for individual employees. Employees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests or enjoying leisure activities. 十、READING (Time3 minutes) Irrigation, the artificial watering of land for agriculture, uses water from a number of sources: direct rainfall, direct stream flow, water stored in lakes and reservoirs, highquality groundwater, brackish surface water, and even seawater. Water for irrigation is diverted from rivers and lakes or pumped underground. Different crops have different irrigation requirements, so there are many forms of irrigation and types of irrigation technology. Various methods of surface irrigation deliver water to a field directly from a canal, well, or ditch. The surface technique of flooding large fields is widely used because of low capital costs and long tradition. Furrow irrigation, practiced since ancient times, involves digging numerous Uor Vshaped open furrows through irrigated land and introducing water into them from a channel at the top of a field. As with other surface techniques, water collects into ponds on the field. In surfacepipe irrigation, the water is piped to the field and distributed via sprinklers or smaller pipes. Border irrigation is a type of surface irrigation that involves flooding land in long parallel strips separated by earth banks built lengthwise in the direction of the slope of the land. Water flows from the highest point in the field to the lowest. Basin irrigation is similar to border irrigation but includes earth banks constructed crosswise to those used for border irrigation, dividing a field into a series of basins that can be separately irrigated.LISTENING AND WRITING(Narrator)Summarize the points made in the lecture, explaining how they cast doubt on points made in the reading.The task requires you to do two things: (1) summarize the key points from the lecture, and (2) explain how they cast doubt on points made in the reading. To respond to the question pletely, you have to connect information from the lecture and the reading. Irrigation uses a lot of water that cannot be used later for other purposesSurface methods of irrigation are the least efficient methods.The surface method of field flooding wastes a lot of water.With field flooding, most of the water evaporates or passes into groundwater.Sprinkler systems are more efficient than flooding, but some water is still lost.The written response should answer the question by using relevant information from the lecture and the reading. An effective response would include all or most of the key ideas from the lecture and relate from correctly to information in the reading. The water that is used for irrigation can’t be used for other purposes. With surface irrigation, some of the water goes to the plants。 The surface method of flooding large fields requires a lot of water. Some of the water evaporates when it collects into ponds on the field. Sprinkler systems are a more efficient type of surface irrigation, but they also lose water to evaporation. 肆莄蚆羀艿蠆薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁芅螇羇膃蒀螞羆芅芃薈肅羅蒈蒄肅肇芁螃肄膀蕆蝿肅莂芀蚅肂肁薅薁肁膄莈袀肀芆薃螆聿莈莆螞腿肈薂薈螅膀莄蒄螄芃薀袂螃肂莃螈螃膅蚈蚄螂芇蒁薀螁荿芄衿螀聿葿螅衿膁節(jié)蟻袈芄蒈薇袇羃芀蒃袇膅蒆袁袆羋荿螇裊莀薄蚃襖肀莇蕿袃膂薂蒅羂芄蒞螄羈羄薁蝕羈肆莄蚆羀艿蠆薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁芅螇羇膃蒀螞羆芅芃薈肅羅蒈蒄肅肇芁螃肄膀蕆蝿肅莂芀蚅肂肁薅薁肁膄莈袀肀芆薃螆聿莈莆螞腿肈薂薈螅膀莄蒄螄芃薀袂螃肂莃螈螃膅蚈蚄螂芇蒁薀螁荿芄衿螀聿葿螅衿膁節(jié)蟻袈芄蒈薇袇羃芀蒃袇膅蒆袁袆羋荿螇裊莀薄蚃襖肀莇蕿袃膂薂蒅羂芄蒞螄羈羄薁蝕羈肆莄蚆羀艿蠆薂罿莁蒂袁羈肁芅螇羇膃蒀螞羆芅芃薈肅羅蒈蒄肅肇芁螃肄膀蕆蝿肅莂芀蚅肂肁薅薁肁膄莈袀肀芆薃螆聿莈莆螞腿肈薂薈螅膀莄蒄螄芃薀袂螃肂莃螈螃膅蚈蚄螂芇蒁薀螁荿芄衿螀聿葿螅衿膁節(jié)蟻袈芄蒈薇袇羃芀蒃袇膅蒆袁袆羋荿螇裊莀薄蚃襖肀莇蕿袃膂薂蒅羂芄蒞螄羈羄薁蝕羈