【正文】 會經(jīng)濟活動正常進行和人民生活安定。 38．簡述保險公司設(shè)立的條件。第二，符合規(guī)定的注冊資本最低限額。第三，具備任職專業(yè)知識和業(yè)務(wù)工作經(jīng)驗的高級管理人員。第五，有符合要求的營業(yè)場所和與業(yè)務(wù)有關(guān)的其他設(shè)施。 39． 間接融資與直接融資相比具有哪些優(yōu)勢？ 答： 間接融資與直接融資相比，具有如下優(yōu)勢：第一，直接融資受資金供應(yīng)數(shù)量和時間上的限制，有時供需雙方很難達(dá)成協(xié)議，影響融資的順利進行。第二，直接融資因證券購買方對證券發(fā)行者的資信狀況難以作全面的了解，因而具有一定的風(fēng)險。第三，由于銀行等金融機構(gòu)的信譽高于企業(yè)、單位，因而間接證券的流動性強于直接證券。 答： 現(xiàn)貨交易：是指證券買賣成交后，在一個較短的時間內(nèi)辦理交割手續(xù)的交易方式。它是在證券買賣成交以后按契約中規(guī)定的價格、數(shù)量在遠(yuǎn)期交割的交易方式。這是客戶憑借自己的信譽，通過交納一定數(shù)額的保證金取得經(jīng)紀(jì)人的信用。 41．什么是通貨膨脹？理解這一概念時應(yīng)注意哪些問題？ 答：從貨幣學(xué)角度看，通貨膨脹終究是一種貨幣現(xiàn)象，因為在商品貨幣經(jīng)濟條件下，一定量的商品要實現(xiàn)價值，必須要有相應(yīng)量的貨幣與之對應(yīng)。在理解通貨膨脹這一概念時，必須注意 以下幾個問題：第一，通貨膨脹是在紙質(zhì)貨幣流通下所持有的經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)象。第三，通貨膨脹是持續(xù)的普遍的物價上漲過程。 42．我國通貨膨脹的成因有哪些？請簡單說明。其主要表現(xiàn)在： 投資膨脹：是指因基本建設(shè)投資規(guī)模失控，引起社會總需求擴張的貨幣供給量的過度增長?；窘ㄔO(shè)項目投產(chǎn)后固然能增加生 產(chǎn)能力，但在相當(dāng)長一段時間內(nèi)卻要增加貨幣供給并從流通中取走商品物資。尤其在我國，基本建設(shè)投資的資金主要來自財政和銀行兩個部門。 消費膨脹：是指因消費基金的增長，引起社會總需求擴張的貨幣供給量的過度增長。 成本推動：是指因工資和生產(chǎn) 資料的提高引起社會總需求擴張的貨幣供給量的過度增長。企業(yè)為保證一定的利潤水平，在成本上升的同時相應(yīng)提高了商品售價，從而使貨幣供給量增加，形成通貨膨脹。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和對外開放程度的提高，我國城鄉(xiāng)居民的貨幣收入有了較大的增長，消費習(xí)慣、偏好、結(jié)構(gòu)也有了很大的變化，高檔商品消費比重迅速上升。這樣，未免出現(xiàn)部分商品的供不應(yīng)求，價格看漲；另一些商品卻積壓滯銷，使貨幣流通和市場出現(xiàn)不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象。特別是兩大部類之間比例的失調(diào)，第一部類增加過快；第二部類相對落后，以致投放于第一部類貨幣不能與第二部類提供的商品相對應(yīng)，引起過多的貨幣滯留在流通領(lǐng)域，影響物價和市場的穩(wěn)定。 43．我國治理通貨膨脹的對策有哪些？ 答： 我國治理通貨膨脹采取了雙管齊下的方法，即：既緊縮過度增長的需求膨脹，又積極組織商品生產(chǎn)，增加社會總供給；既注意調(diào)整投資結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，又注重貨幣供給的調(diào)控和管理、努力使社會的貨幣供給適應(yīng)社會對貨幣的需求?？刂苹窘ㄔO(shè)投資規(guī)模的目的是克服社會總需求的膨脹。從而使銀行增發(fā)貸款；二是需要財政增加固定資產(chǎn)投資支出，易引 發(fā)投資膨脹；三是需要增加商品物資供應(yīng)，直接會導(dǎo)致消費膨脹。 制定合理的收入政策，克服消費基金膨脹。在收入分配結(jié)構(gòu)上，要警惕收入分配不合理傾向，盡量防止社會各階層收入差距過大，以避免社會成員因盲目攀比而牽動消費基金增長。發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，增加社會有效供給是解決我國通貨膨脹的根本出路。 保證財政收支的基本平衡。因此，要想根治通貨膨脹就必須保持財政收支的基本平衡。 強化中央銀行調(diào)控貨幣供應(yīng)的職能。 44． 簡述國際金融市場的概念及其 特點。 它經(jīng)營的內(nèi)容主要是國際性的資金借貸、結(jié)算，以及證券、外匯和黃金的交易等。 45．分析我國銀行走向世界，目前所要解決好的幾個問題。目前要解決好以下幾個問題：第一，中央銀行和金融宏觀調(diào)控和貨幣政策的實施問題。銀行等金融機構(gòu)是經(jīng)營貨幣信用業(yè)務(wù)的經(jīng)濟實體， 追求最大的經(jīng)營效益始終是設(shè)立金融機構(gòu)和進行業(yè)務(wù)分工的首選原則。第三，銀行業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險防范問題。 七、計算題 1．假設(shè)法定準(zhǔn)備金率為 20%，原始存款為 300 萬元，試計算存款乘數(shù)、派生存款擴張倍數(shù)、銀行體系的存款擴大總額、派生存款總量。 ll wait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours at the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the weeklong holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the uping Golden Week it may not be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearns for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and mountains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the remended travelling route, China Inner Mongolia Arxan — Hailar — Manzhouli. It is also the joint of the four prairies across the SinoMongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Khan. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of geous colors all the year round the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast alpine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name Haren Arxan means hot holy water in the Mongolian language. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand prairies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green. Nestled close to the country39。s time for the wild fruits to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowherd, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the story goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sisterinlaw. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for pany. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine form. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds of years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang39。 Festival. In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the night of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to bee pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentine