【正文】 can enact the law despite the president’s views only if twothirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of Congress passes a low which is the challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions,including the position, of Supreme Court Senate,however,must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they bee this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise do you understand the saying: ”British history has been a history of invasion.” ?Before the 1st century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people:a powerful cultural originating in central in 43AD Britain was invaded by Roman Empire, and England and Wales became part of the Roman Empire for nearly400 the Roman Empire came under threat from the east, the Roman armies and Roman protection were withdrawn from Britain, and Britain was again divided into small kindoms, andagain it came under threat from outside, this time from Germanic peoples:the Angles,and the the 5th century AD it is said that a great leaderKing Arthur appeared, united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur,drove the Saxons Arthur’s success,legend or not,it did not last,for the AngloSaxons did succeed in invading Britain,and either absorbed the Celticpeople,or pushed them to the western and northern edges of the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain’s settlements in England grew until large areas of northern and eastern England were under their , the Normans, from northern France, whowere descendants of William of Normandy they cross the English Channel and in the Battle of Hastings, defeated an English army under King marks the last an army from outside the British Isles succeeded in invading understanding of the characteristics of American religion and its social functionsFirst of all, American with different religions live together under the same Bill of Rights in the US Constitutioninsists that there should be no state means that the government has no right to interfere in people’s religious freedom of religion and the separation of state and church guaranted in the Constitution is believed to be the basic principles against religious ,the religious beliefs of Americans continue to be strong with social Sunday morning, all over America people pour into the of American Protestants are active church members, and there are few who habitually stay only the Catholic churches,but the Protestant ones too,are flourishing,and new evergrowing all the social and economic changes religion has remained a constant ,in the united states every church is a pleteluy independent organization,and concerned with its own finance and its own one goes to a Protestant church,he or she will hear morality preached,but not a word of and religious sects are expressions of group solidarity rather than of rigid adherence to doctrine.第二篇：英美國家概況主觀題 Charter:It refers to the document sealed by King John of England on June 15, 1215, which contains 63 most important are as followed: the King could not exact payment from the vassals without their consent。merchants would be allowed to move about the King attempted to free himself from the law, the vassals had the right to force him to obey the law by every means possible, even by means of a civil is regarded as the foundation of the British .“Alevel”:Alevel—is an academic qualification offered by educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the British Crown dependencies to students pleting secondary or preuniversity Fathers:The first English immigrants who came to America by the ship Mayflower in came to the America to run away from the religious persecution in landed the America from Plymouth and settled down in this :“WASP” stands for White AngloSaxon is considered the basis of the mainstream culture of the United people who settled in the 13 North American colonies were mostly white European Protestant United States was founded and formed largely by Street:Wall Street is the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eightblocklong, miles( km)long street running from Broadway to South Street on the East River in Lower time, the term has bee a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial sector(even if financial firms are not physically located there), or signifying New Yorkbased financial Day:Independence Day, monly known as the Fourth of July, is a federal holiday in the United States celebrating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great :Hollywood is the US film industry is located in Los Angeles, are big movie panies, including the Warner , Universal Studios, Columbia Pictures, and Paramount annual Oscar Award held there attracts the attention of the world。威斯敏斯特westminster，倫敦市的一個行政區(qū)，也叫西敏寺，這里有議會houses of parliament，包含大鐘樓big ben，白廳whitehall即英國政府，白金漢宮buckingham palace即英國皇宮，還有st james’ hall 圣詹姆斯宮。議會雛形，1265年，Simon de Montford 召集the Great Council在西敏寺開會，就是最早的議會，后來發(fā)展了House of Lords上議院，House of Commons下議院。亨利八世進(jìn)行宗教改革，想切斷英國教會與羅馬教皇的關(guān)系，使英國教會獨(dú)立起來。伊麗莎白一世時期，伊麗莎白為女王統(tǒng)治英國，她是基督教徒，大力推行新教，從此英國都是信奉新教。在這段時期，羅馬教會經(jīng)歷新教改革，人文主義興起，海外探索（大航海時代？）。查爾斯戰(zhàn)敗，克倫威爾Cromwell稱王。清教徒是基督教新教中的一派。王朝復(fù)辟 The Restoration 克倫威爾死后，兒子Richard 繼位，但是統(tǒng)治失敗，議會選擇讓上代國王流放法國的兒子King Charles 二世回歸。君主立憲由此開始。工會和工黨 Trade Unions and Labor Party 工人意識到聯(lián)合的重要性，于是工會出現(xiàn)，Grand National Consolidated Trade Union成立，是全國的大公會，后來Trade Union Congress 開始。Head of the monwealth 是女王，現(xiàn)在是伊麗莎白二世。樞密院 the Privy Council，是國家執(zhí)行力機(jī)構(gòu)，chief source of executive power in the state,可追溯到King’s Council 司法特點(diǎn)：no single legal system, no plete code,法律的來源包括：statutes法令，大量的mon law，equity law衡平法，european munity law。同年，第二屆大陸會議在費(fèi)