【正文】 力。據(jù)觀察，一在換熱器 的有效性 ％，最高漲幅 2％（重量）。圖 12 和 13顯示為 CuO 的有效性的結果和 TiO 2 /水納米流體分別。在 ％的有效性，最高漲幅并觀察到 ％為 CuO 和二氧化鈦的區(qū)別。 14示出了用于三種納米流體的效率的比較。圖 15和 16分別顯示了殼側溫度和攪拌速度相比較的效率。C 45176。C 參考 [1] M. Moawed, Experimental investigation ofnatural convection fromvertical andhorizontalhelicoidalpipesinHVACapplications,. 46 (2021) 2996–3013. [2] ,EnergysavinginHVACsystems using nano?uid, Appl. Therm. Eng. 31(2021)1543–1545. [3] , ,Numericalestimation ofmixed convection heat transfer invertical helically coiled tube heat exchangers, Int. Fluids 66 (2021)805–819. [4] ,Comparisonofheattransferrates betweenastraighttubeheatexchangerandahelicallycoiledheatexchanger, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 29 (2021) 185–191. [5] . Behabadi, , , Experimental investigation on the convective heat transfer ofnano?uid ?owinside vertical helically coiled tubes under uniform walltemperature condition, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 39(2021)556–564. [6] , M. Rakhsha, A. Abbassi, M. 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