【正文】 ................................................................................. 30 啤酒廢水處理構(gòu)筑物設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 ................................................................ 31 格柵的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ................................................................................... 31 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明 ..................................................................................... 31 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) ..................................................................................... 31 設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ..................................................................................... 31 調(diào)節(jié)沉淀池的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ...................................................................... 35 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) ..................................................................................... 35 設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ..................................................................................... 35 UASB 反應(yīng)器的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ................................................................... 37 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) ..................................................................................... 37 設(shè)計(jì)水質(zhì)和水量 ......................................................................... 37 反應(yīng)器容積計(jì)算 ......................................................................... 38 配水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 39 三相分離器設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................... 42 布水槽的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 46 進(jìn)出水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................... 46 排泥系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 46 本科畢業(yè)論文 VI 產(chǎn)氣量計(jì)算 ................................................................................. 46 氣水分離器 ............................................................................... 46 池的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ............................................................................... 46 設(shè) 計(jì)參數(shù) ..................................................................................... 46 設(shè)計(jì)水量水質(zhì) ............................................................................. 47 反應(yīng)池有效容積 ......................................................................... 48 反應(yīng)池最小水量 ......................................................................... 48 反應(yīng)池中污泥體積 .................................................................... 48 校核周期進(jìn)水量 ......................................................................... 48 確定單座反應(yīng)池的尺寸 ............................................................ 49 鼓風(fēng)曝氣系統(tǒng) ............................................................................. 49 污泥產(chǎn)量計(jì)算 ............................................................................. 54 污泥部分各處理構(gòu)筑物設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 .................................................. 55 重力濃縮池的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ............................................................ 55 機(jī)械脫水間的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ............................................................ 58 各處理構(gòu)筑物高程布置 ...................................................................... 59 污水提升泵房的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 .............................................................. 60 設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明 ..................................................................................... 60 設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ..................................................................................... 60 工程估價(jià) ......................................................................................................... 62 估價(jià)范圍及估價(jià)依據(jù) .......................................................................... 62 估算范圍 ..................................................................................... 62 編制依據(jù) ..................................................................................... 62 各構(gòu)筑物費(fèi)用概算 .............................................................................. 63 其它費(fèi)用概算 ....................................................................................... 63 人數(shù)定員 ............................................................................................... 64 運(yùn)行成本 ............................................................................................... 64 動(dòng)力成本 ..................................................................................... 64 其他成本 ..................................................................................... 64 第四章 致謝及結(jié)束語(yǔ) ............................................................................................. 66 致謝 ................................................................................................................. 66 結(jié)束語(yǔ) ............................................................................................................. 66 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................... 67 附錄 1 翻譯及原文 .................................................................................................. 68 附錄 2 設(shè)計(jì)圖紙 ......................................................................................................... 79 本科畢業(yè)論文 1 第一 章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 啤酒由埃及人首創(chuàng) ,是以優(yōu)質(zhì)大麥為 主要原料 ,啤酒花為香料 ,經(jīng)過(guò)制麥芽、糖化、發(fā)酵等工序制成的富含營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和二氧化碳的釀造酒。伴隨啤酒產(chǎn)量的提高 ,啤酒生產(chǎn)廢水的治理也日益受到廣泛的關(guān)注。如果以生產(chǎn)每噸啤酒產(chǎn)生 20m3 廢水計(jì)算 ,則啤酒工業(yè)排放的廢水水量每年達(dá) 4. 0 億 m3 ,啤酒廢 水具有水量大 ,懸浮物及有機(jī)物含量高等特點(diǎn) :COD 幾百到幾萬(wàn)之間波動(dòng) ,SS 在1000～ 1500mg/L 之間動(dòng) ,pH 值約 5～ 8 ,BOD/ COD 值高。 啤酒生產(chǎn)廢水中的主要污染物為糖類、醇類、多種維生素、酵母菌、纖維素、氨基酸、酒糟等有機(jī)物 ,其 COD 和 SS 濃度均較高 ,且各工序排出的廢水水質(zhì)有很大差異其中以糖化廢水濃度最高。 表 1 啤酒生產(chǎn)廢水水質(zhì) 項(xiàng) 目 COD(mg/L) BOD5(mg/L) SS(mg/L) pH 麥芽廢水 650 450 125 6～ 7. 5 糖化廢水 37500 27000 1960 6～ 7. 5 發(fā)酵廢水 3500 2800 350 6～ 7. 5 灌裝廢水 1600 410 65 6～ 7. 5 酵母廢水 9500 6550 255 5～ 6. 5 混合廢水 2250 1250 850 6～ 7. 5 啤酒廢水經(jīng)處理后一般需滿足 GB 8978 — 1996的一級(jí)排放標(biāo)