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單片機外文翻譯----51系列單片機的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能-單片機-在線瀏覽

2025-03-24 07:55本頁面
  

【正文】 行時可以改變它的內(nèi)容從而改變運行的結(jié)果。該脈沖信號,即為 8051 的工作周期,是最小的時間單位。 在 8051 中有 ROM(程序存儲器,只能讀?。?,和 RAM(數(shù)據(jù)存儲器,可以讀和寫),他們有各自獨立的內(nèi)存地址空間,也有相同的處理方式。 805 875 8031 數(shù)據(jù)存儲器的內(nèi)存為 128B,默認地址是 00FH,用于保存中間數(shù)據(jù)和緩存。 MCS 51 系列單片機和一般電 腦的處理方式不同。在訪問的內(nèi)存,不管是 ROM 和 RAM,只有一個地址對應一個內(nèi)存單元,都要按這個順序訪問。 8051 的存儲器按物理結(jié)構(gòu)劃分可分為程序存儲器空間和數(shù)據(jù)存儲空間,共有四個內(nèi)存空間,按結(jié)構(gòu)位置的不同分為內(nèi)部程序存儲空間、外部程序存儲空間、內(nèi)部數(shù)據(jù)存儲空間和外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲空間。( 2)外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器地址空間為 64KB,地址是從 0000H 到 FFFFH(含 16 個地址)的位置排列也。上述三個重疊的內(nèi)存空間地址,用 8051 指令系統(tǒng)的傳輸不同的數(shù)據(jù)和使用的功能區(qū)分。 2 8051 單片機有 4 個 8 并行的 I / O 端口,分別為 P0, P1, P2 和 P3。每一個 I / O 線可作為獨立的入口和出口。使數(shù)據(jù)能夠鎖存輸出,數(shù)據(jù)可以及時緩沖,其余四個具有相同的功能。 P3 口的輸出級別小于 P1,可以在里面繪制負載電阻,每一個都能驅(qū)動 4 個 LS 型 TTL負載輸出??梢岳酶淖冸娮璧妮敵龃笮?,直接地充當震蕩開路,不需要添加外部電阻。當在當做輸入口時,必須把相應的端口置 1來鎖閉輸出。其主要功能是把初始地址設(shè)為 0000H,使單片機從 0000H 的地址開始運行程序。在 8051 中 RST 引腳是一個輸入復位鍵,復位鍵高電平信號有效, 要保證 24 倍以上的時鐘周期(即 2 個機器周期)。 初始化時,需要兩部分外部電路。復位功能的可靠性,適合 6v 電壓的電容震蕩電路,復位信號的周期可以大于兩個機器周期。一個單片機系統(tǒng)能否正常運行,應先檢查它有沒有正確的復位電路。 3 : Structure and function of the MCS51 series Structure and function of the MCS51 series onechip puter MCS51 is a name of a piece of onechip puter series which Intel Company produces. This pany introduced 8 topgrade onechip puters of MCS51 series in 1980 after introducing 8 onechip puters of MCS48 series in 1976. It belong to a lot of kinds this line of onechip puter the chips have,such as 8051, 8031, 8751, 80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic position, basic performance and instruction system are all the same. 8051 daily representatives 51 serial onechip puters . An onechip puter system is made up of several following parts: ( 1) One microprocessor of 8 (CPU). ( 2) At slice data memory RAM (128B/256B),it use not depositting not can reading /data that write, such as result not middle of operation, final result and data wanted to show, etc. ( 3) Procedure memory ROM/EPROM (4KB/8KB ), is used to preserve the procedure , some initial data and form in slice. But does not take ROM/EPROM within some onechip puters, such as 8031 , 8032, 80C ,etc.. ( 4) Four 8 run side by side I/O interface P0 four P3, each mouth can use as introduction , may use as exporting too. ( 5) Two timer / counter, each timer / counter may set up and count in the way, used to count to the external incident, can set up into a timing way too, and can according to count or result of timing realize the control of the puter. ( 6) Five cut off cutting off the control system of the source . ( 7) One all duplexing serial I/O mouth of UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) ), is it realize onechip puter or onechip puter and serial munication of puter to use for. ( 8) Stretch osc
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