【正文】 ce over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people bee older.s worth of lost education. For those ________ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)研究表明空氣污染可能會導(dǎo)致人的智力下降，并且隨著年齡的增長，其可能會阻礙認(rèn)知能力。 （1）考查介詞。be responsible for固定短語，“對……負(fù)責(zé)，是……的原因”。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，showed是本句的謂語，此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作定語，修飾名詞The research，主語The research和動詞conduct之間是被動關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)用conduct的過去分詞形式表被動。 （3）考查名詞。score“分?jǐn)?shù)，成績”，是可數(shù)名詞，此處表示語言和算術(shù)的測試分?jǐn)?shù)，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句子的主語It指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之間是被動關(guān)系，且publish這一動作發(fā)生在過去，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 （5）考查代詞。此處應(yīng)用those指代那些在城市居住的人。 （6）考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格后的名詞air可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞air，表示“有毒的空氣”。 （7）考查形容詞。根據(jù)空格前的the和序數(shù)聞fourth可知，此處表示空氣污染是全球第四大死因，應(yīng)用high的最髙級。 （8）考查冠詞。固定結(jié)構(gòu)the+比較級... the+比較級...“越……就越……”，因此，比較級longer前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。 （9）考查定語從句?？崭袂暗膖hose是代詞，意為“那些人”，空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句做主語，修飾先行詞those指人，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用who。故填who。句意：在這個(gè)問題上沒有捷徑可走。故填to solve。 What does the expression crocodile tears mean? Simply put, crocodile tears are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phrase crocodile tears es from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a false show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would e closer and then bee dinner.科學(xué)家解釋說，鱷魚的確會流淚，但它們不會哭?？藜兇馐歉星橛檬拢侨祟惖奶煨?。句意：科學(xué)家說，鱷魚比恐龍壽命長約6500萬年。 （2）考查名詞。根據(jù)上文good為形容詞修飾名詞可知應(yīng)填名詞survivor“幸存者”，且主語they are可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填survivors。句意：它們是專業(yè)的捕獵者，用它們強(qiáng)有力的下顎來咬它們的獵物，然后把它整個(gè)吞下去。 （4）考查名詞。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。pretend to do “假裝做某事”，故填to cry。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。 （7）考查連詞。本句可理解為條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解為時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。句意：然后鱷魚會對著他哭，最后把他吞下去。 （9）考查冠詞。此處表示特指“鱷魚”這個(gè)物種，應(yīng)用定冠詞，故填the。句意：哭純粹是感情用事，是人類的天性。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞，名詞，非謂語動詞，形容詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞以及時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 s leisure lives.In the Song Dynasty, teahouses spread all over the cities and villages, at a rate parable with that of restaurants. The owners preferred to decorate their teahouses ________paintings of celebrities or rare and precious plants ________(attract) customers. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the number of teahouses went beyond that of restaurants, gaining much ________ (wide) popularity and being more famous. Later, the acculturation(文化植入)of western culture forced traditional Chinese teahouses to take on________ new look. s living standards, teahouses________(flower) in China.【答案】 depending；where；is considered；stands；gradually；with；to attract；wider；a；have flowered /have been flowering 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了茶樓在中國的發(fā)展歷史，它的特點(diǎn)，外來文化對它的影響和現(xiàn)狀。分析句子可知此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞作狀語， Its function是depend的邏輯主語，它們之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，填depending。分析句子可知此處是定語從句關(guān)系詞，指物的先行詞place在從句___2___people gather to enjoy tea中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where，因此填where。分析句子可知此處是謂語動詞，根據(jù)前文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語it和consider”考慮“之間是被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)be done, 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，填is considered。stand作為“攤點(diǎn)”講是可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)they判斷此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填stands。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞developed，故填gradually。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填介詞，再結(jié)合句意“用名人的畫或珍貴的植物來裝飾他們的茶樓”，“用”是with，故填with。分析句子可知此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，再結(jié)合句意“用名人的畫或珍貴的植物裝飾他們的茶樓來吸引顧客”，此處表目的，故用不定式，故填to attract。此處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾名詞popularity（普及，流行），再根據(jù)much判斷用比較級，故填wider。look作為名詞時(shí)可數(shù)，再結(jié)合句意“呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)新的面貌”,故應(yīng)用不定冠詞，又new是輔音音素開頭，故填a。分析句子可知此處是主句謂語動詞，根據(jù)上文的since判斷此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語teahouses是復(fù)數(shù)，故填have flowered/have been flowering。6．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 According to Chinese speaking practice, lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male ________ a female, are ________(mon) seen in front of the gates of traditional building. It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted ________ the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty from A. D. 25 to 220 with ________ introduction of Buddhism(佛教) into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, ________ can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a divine animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has bee a symbol of ________ (brave), power and good luck. （1）句意：一對石獅子，一只雄獅子和一只雌獅子，一般在傳統(tǒng)建筑的門前能夠看見。 （2）句意：一對石獅子，一只雄獅子和一只雌獅子，一般在傳統(tǒng)建筑的門前能夠看見。故填monly。be regarded as被認(rèn)為是，此處為固定搭配，故填be regarded。images為名詞，it是人稱代詞，此處用形容詞性物主代詞its它的，修飾名詞。 （5）句意：最早的石獅子從公元25220年，隨著佛教流傳入古代中國，在東漢初期被雕刻出來。故填at。此處特指佛教在古代中國的流傳，應(yīng)用定冠詞，故填the。 can protect the truth and keep off evils 是非限性定語從句，先行詞是the lion，關(guān)系詞用which。 （8）句意：在中國神話故事中，獅子成了勇敢，力量和好運(yùn)的象征。power和luck都是名詞，brave變成名詞bravery，勇氣。 （9）句意：最有名的是橋是被建于1189年至1192年的盧溝橋。 （10）句意：最有名的是橋是被建于1189年至1192年的盧溝橋。the Lugouqiao ，被建造，用被動語態(tài)，此處做后置定語修飾名詞，省略be動詞，用過去分詞built。 【點(diǎn)評】考查連詞、副詞、代詞、固定搭配、冠詞、非限定性定語從句、名詞、副詞最高級和非謂語動詞。再細(xì)讀文章，分析句子成分及含義逐一作答，最后再讀文章，修正錯誤。 Many of the earth39。 Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution. （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填died。句意：一百個(gè)物種每天都變得瀕臨絕境。 （3）考查形容詞。alone “獨(dú)自的，單獨(dú)的”，答案為alone。句意：野生動物生活在被人正在毀掉的森林里。 （5）考查冠詞。 （6）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句子用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故填losing。此處是動詞不定式做目的狀語，故填to protect。keep sb. from doing ，“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。句意：關(guān)閉污染河流和空氣的工廠。 （10）考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知句子用含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)，故填built。8．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill