【正文】 是（）A．十分敏感、容易疲乏B．十分敏感、不易疲乏C．不敏感、易疲勞D．不敏感、不易疲勞 15．用抵抗、反對(duì)集體或他人對(duì)自己的一切要求、指令的形式，來逃避外界的壓力，從而維護(hù)自己的個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)、面子。這種技術(shù)稱為（）、A．生物法B．反饋法C．生物反饋D．心身反饋17．“交流分析法”中P、A、C的實(shí)質(zhì)含義，就是一個(gè)人在生活當(dāng)中，應(yīng)該永遠(yuǎn)地保持這樣的心境，即童真、理智和（）A．敬畏B．尊敬C．真誠(chéng)D．善良 18．心理咨詢就是運(yùn)用心理學(xué)的理論與方法，幫助來訪者（）A．克服心理障礙B．消除心理疾病C．克服心理障礙，消除心理疾病D．克服心理障礙，促進(jìn)心理發(fā)展 19．在歷史上被公認(rèn)為“職業(yè)指導(dǎo)之父”、1908年創(chuàng)建了波士頓就業(yè)指導(dǎo)局的是（）A．帕森B．曼恩C．畢爾D．戴維 20．目前，我國(guó)的心理咨詢和心理治療模式大體可以劃分為（）A．二種B．三種C．四種D．五種 21．心理分析理論的創(chuàng)始人是（）A．弗洛伊德B．布洛伊爾C．伯恩海姆D．榮格22．把一些會(huì)引起沖突、痛苦的念頭、感情或沖動(dòng)存放到潛意識(shí)中去，使自己在不知不覺間得以保持心境的安寧，這種防衛(wèi)方法被心理分析學(xué)者稱為（）A．遺忘B．放置C．隱抑D．潛入23．犯了錯(cuò)誤，盡量搜集一些合乎自己內(nèi)心需要的理由，當(dāng)作很合理加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，以致犯錯(cuò)的事實(shí)不再困擾自己。這種穩(wěn)定情緒的防衛(wèi)方法被心理分析學(xué)者稱為（）A．倒退B．后退C．弱化D．扮童25．一個(gè)人在家庭、單位、生意場(chǎng)上的表現(xiàn)迥異，讓人很難相信這是同一個(gè)人。錯(cuò)選、多選、少選或未選均無分。1．西方心理衛(wèi)生組織機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)心理健康的解釋是：心理健康是促使人的積極的心理狀態(tài)形成和防止人的消極的心理狀態(tài)的發(fā)生。3．20世紀(jì)30年代，卡爾－羅杰斯的理論對(duì)心理咨詢的理論的實(shí)踐產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。四、簡(jiǎn)答題(本大題共4小題，每小題5分，共20分)1．簡(jiǎn)答人類防衛(wèi)系統(tǒng)及其功能。3．簡(jiǎn)答心理咨詢的一般原則。五、論述題(本大題共2小題，每小題12分，共24分)1．試述老年人心理健康需要注意的事項(xiàng)。2010年下半年心理衛(wèi)生與心理輔導(dǎo)自考試題一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(本大題共30小題，每小題1分，共30分)在每小題列出的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中只有一個(gè)是符合題目要求的，請(qǐng)將其代碼填寫在題后的括號(hào)內(nèi)。，“世界心理衛(wèi)生協(xié)會(huì)”宣告成立。對(duì)自己的健康和疾病，存在種種不安全感。() ，無動(dòng)于衷。這是情感缺陷類型中的() 、生化的變化，從而影響胎兒的發(fā)育。() ，它是用抵制、反對(duì)集體或者別人對(duì)自己的一切要求，或指令的形式，來逃避外界的壓力，從而維護(hù)自己的個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)和面子。請(qǐng)你判斷，她的心理障礙可能是() ，咨詢?nèi)藛T要從尊重信任的立場(chǎng)出發(fā)，努力和來訪者建立朋友式的友好關(guān)系，以確保咨詢工作的順利進(jìn)行。()、北京 、北京、上海、武漢“反饋”一詞，根據(jù)動(dòng)物的操作條件訓(xùn)練原理，推廣運(yùn)用到人類的一種心理學(xué)技術(shù)。這條原則體現(xiàn)了() 16.“冥想放松法”如同我國(guó)的____和印度的“瑜珈術(shù)”，方法是閉目守神，把精神集中到一點(diǎn)，造成大腦里的一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)興奮中心，從而抑制其他部位。() ，____代表人最原始的一面，通常在潛意識(shí)狀態(tài)下表現(xiàn)其機(jī)能，它潛存了人的各種基本欲望。() ，____初步嘗試將一種新的心理治療方法具體化，被稱為“非直示式咨詢”。() ，____是人最高層面的性格，它是人的道德法則，它主要關(guān)注的是行動(dòng)的好壞對(duì)錯(cuò)，依據(jù)社會(huì)的道德觀念，在潛意識(shí)層面擔(dān)任著監(jiān)督和批判工作。()，老鼠在“斯金納箱”學(xué)習(xí)推動(dòng)杠桿而獲取食物的例子。()A.≧2 B.≧3 C.≧4 D.≧5，一般可以把共情分為兩個(gè)層次，第一層次稱為：初級(jí)共情，第二層次稱為() ，要改變當(dāng)事人的認(rèn)知行為，咨詢員需要具備較高超的說服技巧和誘導(dǎo)能力，這些可統(tǒng)稱之為() ，為了達(dá)到咨詢目標(biāo)，咨詢員要幫助當(dāng)事人反復(fù)____或?qū)嵺`已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)好的行為方式，最大限度地實(shí)現(xiàn)改變。()。()(SCL90)共有9個(gè)因子(即9個(gè)項(xiàng)目)，請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝羞x項(xiàng)中選出排在前2位的因子項(xiàng)目。錯(cuò)選、多選、少選或未選均無分。()，提出人格構(gòu)造學(xué)說，他把人格構(gòu)造分為三個(gè)部分，即() ，有許多因素將影響咨詢關(guān)系。()、行為、思維方式等心理活動(dòng)。()，總會(huì)有一個(gè)精確的答案，若一旦得不到答案時(shí)，就會(huì)很痛苦。(來訪者)?，20世紀(jì)80年代，最引人注目的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)有哪些??五、論述題(本大題共2小題，每小題12分，共24分)“心理咨詢理論”一章中提到，人的自衛(wèi)機(jī)制(心理防衛(wèi)機(jī)制)共有十七種，請(qǐng)你寫出其中的十二種以上?！靶睦頂嗳槠凇?，是個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)中最重要的時(shí)期之一。第二篇：自考《心理衛(wèi)生與心理輔導(dǎo)》試題及答案最佳答案 P14 Why does the author tell s not to be afraid to ask stupid questions？ The author thinks that many apparently naive inquiries like why grass is green，or why the sn is round，or why we need 55，000 unclear weapons in the world ——are really deep says when you try to get the answers，you will gain deep understanding of the also important to know，as well as you can，what it is that you dont know，and asking questions is the also tell us to ask stupid questions requires courage on the part of the asker and knowledge and patience on the part of the dont confine your learning to ideas in depth with much brave to ask questions even when theres a prospect of ridicule than to suppress your questions and bee deadened to the world around Icons P30 What are the factors to shift the heroworship to the celebrityworship？ The new forms of media——photography，moving pictures，radio and television are the main reproduction of photos in newspapers turned famous people into celebrities whose dress，appearance，and personal habits were widely mented ，the focus of public attention began to shift away from knowing what such people did to knowing what looked shift was accelerated by the arrival of moving 1901 and 1914，74 percent of the magazine articles about famous people were about political leaders，inventors，inventors，professionals，and 1922，however，most articles were about movie the arrival of television，the faces of the stars became as familiar as those we saw across the breakfast came to know more about the lives of the celebrities than we did about most of the people we know than seventy years after the appearance of the first movimg pictures，the shift from heroworship to celebrityworship was GOGO AMERICAN P46 What is the Americans attitude towards time？Give necessary the United States，many people keenly feel the shortness of each are aware that once a day in their life is gone，it will never e Americans believe no one stands you are not moving ahead，you are falling they value time and want every minte to attitde towards time is shown in the fast pace of life in the they do they always seem to be in a find people hurrying to get where they are hurry to eating places for a mea and finish it as quickly as Americans do what they can to save produce a lot of laboursaving devices such as clothesand dishwashers； they rapidly municate through phone calls，telex and and cut down on personal Take Over，Bosn！P62 Can you imagine what did Barret think of when he heard Snyders whisper Take over，bosn？ Becase of thirst，Barret was almost out of rose several times and was a constant when he heard Snyder said“Take over，bosn，he had a strange feeling came to realize he would and must take over the task and be responsible for the long as he stopped others from the little water，they would always have hopes and wouldnt die he picked Snyders gun up and decided to hold off the other from the water until night when a ship saved Are You Giving Your Kids Too Much？ P78 Why parents overindulge their children？ There are several reasons to explain why parents overindulge their fairly mon reason is that parents overindulge their chidren out of a sense of who both hold down fulltime jops may feel guilty about the amount of time they spend away from their children and may attempt to pensate by showering them with material parents overindulge because they want their children to have everything they had while growing up，along with those things the parents yearned for but didnt others are afraid to say no to their childrens denless requests for toys for fear that their children will feel unloved or will be ridiculed if thy dont have the same playthings their friends Culture Shock P94 What are four stages that people go through when they experience situations that are very different from those to which they are accustomed？