【正文】 “ 門到門 ” 運輸階段 實現(xiàn)多種運輸方式的 聯(lián)合運輸 是現(xiàn)代交通運輸?shù)陌l(fā)展 方向，集裝箱運輸在這方面具有獨特優(yōu)勢。 “門到門 ”運輸是一項復(fù)雜的國際性綜合運輸系統(tǒng)工程，先進國家為了發(fā)展集裝箱運輸，將此作為專門學(xué)科，培養(yǎng)了大批集裝箱運輸高級管理人員、業(yè)務(wù)人員及操作人員，使集裝箱運輸在理論和實務(wù)方面都得到逐步完善。玻璃陶瓷、工藝品；印刷品及紙張、醫(yī)藥、煙酒食品、日用品，化工品、針紡織品和小五金等雜貨、貴重、易碎、怕濕的貨物均屬于集裝箱運輸貨物、集裝箱貨源從運輸組織上分為整箱貨和 拼箱 貨兩類。拼箱貨是指兩個以上發(fā)貨人貨物拼裝在一個集裝箱內(nèi)的貨物，拼箱貨的裝卸作業(yè)由 承運人 或有關(guān)運輸代理部門負責。對于不 39。 （二） 運輸工作組織 集裝箱運輸組織作，可以分為發(fā)送作業(yè)、中轉(zhuǎn)作業(yè)和交付作業(yè)宣部分，以 鐵路集裝箱 運輸組織工作為例： 是指在 發(fā)站裝運之前各項貨運作業(yè)，包括集裝箱承運前的組織工作和承運后至裝運前的作業(yè)。 4 集裝箱運輸除了由發(fā)站至到站的形式外，還有一部分集裝箱還要經(jīng)過中轉(zhuǎn)才能至到站。 是指裝運集裝箱的貨車到貨場后需要辦理的卸車和向貨主辦理交付手續(xù)等工作，具體包括卸車作業(yè)，交付作業(yè)，鐵路貨運員根據(jù)車站的卸車計劃及時按排貨位、核對運單、貨票、裝載清單與集裝箱箱號、印封號是否 *致、需要逐箱檢查，卸車；完畢后填寫到達記錄 /最后，由貨運室通知發(fā)貨人。 5 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 評 語 外文翻譯成績： 指導(dǎo)教師簽字： 年 月 日 注： 1. 指導(dǎo)教師對譯文進行評閱時應(yīng)注意以下幾個方面：①翻譯的外文文獻與畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）的主題是否高度相關(guān)，并作為外文參考文獻列入畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）的參考文獻；②翻譯的外文文獻字數(shù)是否達到規(guī)定數(shù)量（ 3 000 字以上）；③譯文語言是否準確、通順、具有參考價值。 6 附件 1 原文 Container Transportion Container transportation (Container transport), refers to the Container this large containers for the carrier, the goods collection assemble containers unit, so in the modern circulation field using large loading and unloading machinery and large vessels carrying vehicles loading and unloading, handling, carrying assignments and finished courrier mission, thus realizing better goods door to door transport of a new, high efficiency and high benefit modes of transport. 1． Container transportation development phase （ 1） Container transportation development initial stage (early 19th century ~ 1966) Container transportation originated in the United Kingdom. As early as in 1801, Britain39。 Ship with modified half container ship give priority to its typical ship carrying quantity but 20ft container 500TEU (conversion unit, abbreviation conversion box) or so, are slower, Box mainly adopts section for 8ft x 8ft, length 24ft, respectively 27ft, 35ft nonstandard containers, part USES the length of 40ft 20ft and standard container, Box material began to steel primarily, later aluminum box began to appear, Ship loading and unloading in Marine crane is given priority to, only a handful of pier on the shore crane, Wharf handling technology mainly USES the sealand intermodal transportation pany pioneered by car chassis, cross a car transport way just appear。s the annual growth rate achieve 15%. The forefront of special garages are equipped with a crane, and in Rotterdam port container terminal appeared on the second generation of the container crane, each hour demountable 50TEU. LunTaiShi longmen stacking crane on the dock transport vehicles, and other machinery, cross being widely used, chassis car process is gradually tends to decline. During this period, the traditional breakbulk transport management method has been prehensive reform, and advanced transportation mode adapted to the management system gradually formed, electronic puter also got more extensive application, especially in 1980 May was held in Geneva 84 MaoFa the me