【正文】 ............................................................... 7 接口說明 ......................................................................................................................... 8 超聲波測距原理 ............................................................................................................. 8 光電傳感器 ........................................................................................................................ 8 LCD1602 液晶顯示 ............................................................................................................. 9 液晶顯示 LCD 實物圖 ..................................................................................................... 9 液晶顯示原理 ................................................................................................................. 9 管腳功能 ......................................................................................................................... 9 4 系統單 元電路的設計 ................................................................................................. 10 超聲波收發(fā)電路 .............................................................................................................. 10 紅外線收發(fā)電路 .............................................................................................................. 10 單片機主控電路 .............................................................................................................. 11 電源電路 .......................................................................................................................... 11 LCD1602 顯示電路 ........................................................................................................... 12 電機驅動電路 .................................................................................................................. 13 直流電機 H 橋驅動方案的選擇 .................................................................................. 14 調速原理 ............................................................................................................... 14 光警示電路 ...................................................................................................................... 16 單片機復位電路 .............................................................................................................. 16 單片機時鐘震蕩電路 ...................................................................................................... 17 5 軟件設計 ..................................................................................................... 18 主程序 .............................................................................................................................. 19 避障子程序 ...................................................................................................................... 19 電機驅動子程序 .............................................................................................................. 20 顯示子程序 ...................................................................................................................... 21 測量距離子程序 .............................................................................................................. 23 光警示子程序 .................................................................................................................. 24 6 調試與仿真 ................................................................................................. 24 調試仿真工具 Proteus 介紹 .......................................................................................... 24 硬件的制作與調試 .......................................................................................................... 26 電路與程序調試過程 ...................................................................................................... 28 電路的仿真調試 ........................................................................................................... 28 電路的調試 ................................................................................................................... 28 7 結論 ............................................................................................................ 30 謝辭 ......................................................................................... 錯誤 !未定義書簽。 Single chip microputer。 Smart car in the application of social life. Hightech level rising in our country at the same time, industrial process automation is in constant propulsion, smart car can automatically take some measures to avoid obstacles, effectively avoid the happening of traffic accident, but also are widely used in the design of all kinds of toys and other products, greatly enriched people39。s society more and more high, the improvement of the intelligent transportation is will not do less, due to the popularity of traffic tools, because the driver from driving for a long time of the spirit of inattention and many serious traffic accidents, so the birth of smart cars is inevitable, it aims to improve vehicle safety, adaptability, fort, and promote good interactive interface, autonomous intelligent tracing car obstacle avoidance is by singlechip puter, sensor, signal processors, motor drive and automatic control technology to realize environmental awareness and the bination of autonomous driving technology, along with the continuously improve enterprise production technology as well as the growing demand for automation technology, intelligent vehicle has been widely used in many industrial sectors. It has increasingly deep into the social and industrial aspects, such as: intelligent car applications in logistics。以 ATmega16 為主控芯片，利用超聲波傳感器對距離的檢測，將前方障礙探測出，并且通過超聲波的傳回數據以及紅外線傳感器對小車兩側的障礙物位置的確定，進行判斷， 1602 液晶顯示所測距離，然后由 ATmega16 單片機發(fā)出指令，控制電機轉動，電機驅動采用常用的 PWM 方式進行電機的調速控制。 在我國高科技水平的日益提高的同時，工業(yè)自動化進程也在不斷地推進，智能小車能夠通過自動采取一些躲避障礙物的措施，有效避免交通事故的發(fā)生，同時也被廣泛應用于各種玩具和其他產品的設計中，極大地豐富了人們的生活?？梢哉f它已 日益 深入到社會和工業(yè)的各個方面，例如：智能車在物流運輸方面的應用；智能車 在軍事領域的應用；智能車