【正文】 器采用 PID 控制。 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 基于 PLC 的模糊 PID 水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 系 別 自動(dòng)化工程系 專(zhuān) 業(yè)名稱(chēng) 測(cè)控技術(shù)與儀器 班級(jí) 學(xué)號(hào) 5080926 學(xué)生 姓名 楊微 指導(dǎo)教師 呂江濤 2020 年 6 月 15 日 東北大學(xué)秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第 I 頁(yè) 基于 PLC 的模糊 PID 水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 常規(guī) PID 控制器結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、穩(wěn)定性好、工作可靠，被廣泛應(yīng)用于過(guò)程控制中，但常規(guī)的 PID 在系統(tǒng)參數(shù) 、 工作環(huán)境發(fā)生變化時(shí)往往不能獲得較好的控制效果。采用基于 PLC知識(shí)和不依賴(lài)精確數(shù)學(xué)模型的模糊控制來(lái)解決這類(lèi)問(wèn)題。根據(jù)液位系統(tǒng)的特征，選取合適的模糊控制規(guī)則和隸屬度函數(shù)，建立模糊控制規(guī)則查詢(xún)表，設(shè)計(jì) PID 控制器和模糊控制器，將設(shè)計(jì)好的 串級(jí) 系統(tǒng)在 Simulink 軟件上 進(jìn)行仿真，比較常規(guī) PID控制器和模糊 PID 控制器的控制性能。通過(guò)組態(tài)軟件力控 實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控液位變化 ， 將設(shè)計(jì)好的液位控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真。 關(guān)鍵詞： 過(guò)程控制， PID 控制，模糊控制， PLC，力控組態(tài)軟件 東北大學(xué)秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第 II 頁(yè) Based on PLC fuzzy PID water level control system design Author： Yang Wei Tutor： Lv Jiangtao Abstract The conventional PID controller simple structure, good stability, reliable working, are widely used in process control, but the conventional PID parameters in the system, working environment change often cannot obtain the good control effect. Based on PLC knowledge and not rely on the accurate mathematical model of fuzzy control to solve the problem. This paper first through the mechanism of water level control system method to establish the mathematical model, in order to improve the dynamic characteristics of the regulatory process, the cascade control, regulation is the fuzzy control, vice regulator PID control. According to the characteristics of liquid level system, to select the suitable fuzzy control rules and membership functions, establish the fuzzy control rules lookup, PID controller and fuzzy controller design, the design good ship machine system in Simulink software, and simulation is the conventional PID controller and fuzzy PID controller control performance. Through the Siemens SIMATIC S7300 PLC programming system and the force control configuration software design of the Siemens PLC conventional PID systems and fuzzy PID control algorithm. Through the configuration software force charged with realtime monitoring level changes, Will design good level control system was simulated. Experiments show that the fuzzy controller has good dynamic and static control effect. Key Words: Process control, PID control, Fuzzy control, PLC, Force contro 東北大學(xué)秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 第 III 頁(yè) 目 錄 1 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................... 1 過(guò)程控制概述 ............................................................................................................... 1 模糊控制理論的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ............................................................................... 2 PLC 的特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ............................................................................................... 3 PLC 的特點(diǎn) .......................................................................................................... 3 PLC 技術(shù)發(fā)展動(dòng)向 .............................................................................................. 5 可編程控制器的硬件組成 .................................................................................. 6 課題研究的主要內(nèi)容與論文結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................... 7 課題研究?jī)?nèi)容 ...................................................................................................... 7 論文結(jié)構(gòu) .............................................................................................................. 7 2 水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 及模型分析 .................................................................................. 8 水箱液位串級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................... 8 水箱液位控制系統(tǒng)組成及工作原理 ........................................................................... 9 雙容水箱數(shù)學(xué)模型建立與分析 ................................................................................. 10 3 PID 控制和模糊控制 ......................................................................................................... 14 PID 控制 ...................................................................................................................... 14 PID 簡(jiǎn)述 ............................................................................................................. 14 數(shù)字式 PID 控制算法 ........................................................................................ 16 模糊控制 ..................................................................................................................... 18 模糊控制器的基本結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................... 18 模糊集合 ............................................................................................................ 20 隸屬度函數(shù)及其確定 ........................................................................................ 22 模糊推理 ............................................................................................................ 25 液位模糊控制器的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................. 25 4 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................................................... 31 西門(mén)子 S7300PLC ..................................................................................................... 31 液位控制系統(tǒng)組成 ..................................................................................................... 32 5 PLC 編程實(shí)現(xiàn) .................................................................................................................... 35 西門(mén)子 S7300 編程基礎(chǔ) ........................................................................................... 35 東北大