【正文】 互性強(qiáng)，把單片機(jī)技術(shù)和電機(jī)驅(qū)動技術(shù)結(jié)合起來的步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。 學(xué)科分類號 08 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 題 目： 基于 51 單片機(jī)的步 進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 ： 步進(jìn)電機(jī)是一種通過電脈沖信號控制相繞組電流實(shí)現(xiàn)定角轉(zhuǎn)動的機(jī)電元件 ，步進(jìn)電機(jī)可以在無速度傳感器系統(tǒng)中實(shí)現(xiàn)精確的開環(huán)狀態(tài)定位或同步運(yùn)行。通過控制發(fā)送脈沖個(gè)數(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)精確的位移或者角度定位，而控制發(fā)送脈沖頻率來實(shí)現(xiàn)速度調(diào)節(jié)， 單片機(jī)作為控制核心的控制系統(tǒng) 因其能夠得到性能優(yōu)良的控制結(jié)果，得到廣泛的應(yīng)用。本文首先簡描述了步進(jìn)電機(jī)的現(xiàn)階段情況和發(fā)展趨勢，以及反應(yīng)式步進(jìn)電機(jī)的工作原理，實(shí)現(xiàn)通過鍵盤輸入相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，實(shí)時(shí)對步進(jìn)電機(jī)工作方式進(jìn)行設(shè)置，實(shí)現(xiàn)對步進(jìn)電機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)速度和方向的 控制，其速度大小能在數(shù)碼管上顯示出來。 關(guān)鍵詞 :步進(jìn)電機(jī) 單片機(jī) Design of control system of stepper motor based on microcontroller Pick to: stepper motor is a pulse signal through the electric control winding current to achieve constant angular rotation of the mechanical and electrical ponents, the stepper motor can be in the speed sensorless system to achieve precise positioning or synchronous operation of open loop state. By controlling the number of pulses to achieve send accurate displacement or angle position control, and sending the pulse frequency to achieve the speed regulation, the microcontroller as a control core control system because it can get excellent control results, obtained the widespread application. But some control system design is more plex and investment is not the economy, some systems can not do very flexible, the use is not very convenient, interactivity is not strong. Therefore the research content of this paper is to design a set of hardware and software bination of system is simple, economic, but the function is more plete, strong adaptability, convenient operation, strong interactivity, the single chip puter technology and motor driver technology is bined with the step motor control system. This paper briefly d escribes the stepper motor current situation and development trend, and the reaction of the working principle of stepper motor to achieve, through the keyboard input data, realtime working model of stepping motor is arranged, realizes to the stepping motor rotation speed and direction control, the speed in the digital tube display e out. And its simple application. Key words : Stepping motor Singlechip microputer 1 目錄 第 1 章 緒論 ......................................................................................................................... 1 引言 .......................................................................................................................... 1 國內(nèi)外研究狀況 ...................................................................................................... 2 研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)安排 .............................................................................................. 3 第 2 章 步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)概述 ......................................................................................... 4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)概述 ......................................................................................................... 4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) ....................................................................................... 4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)的分類 ........................................................................................... 4 反應(yīng)式步進(jìn)電機(jī)工作原理 ........................................................................... 4 步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)簡介 ......................................................................................... 5 系統(tǒng)功能 .................................................................................................................. 7 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................................... 8 系統(tǒng)組成 ................................................................................................................. 8 系統(tǒng)核心 ——AT89C51 .......................................................................................... 8 AT89C51 簡介 ................................................................................................ 8 系統(tǒng)端口分配 .............................................................................................. 11 外圍電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 11 顯示電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 12 數(shù)碼管的驅(qū)動電路 ...................................................................................... 12 鍵盤電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................. 13 驅(qū)動電路 ................................................................................................................ 14 硬件總體實(shí)現(xiàn) ........................................................................................................ 14 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................................................................... 16 系統(tǒng)軟件主流程 .................................................................................................... 16 系統(tǒng)初始化流程 .................................................................................................... 17 系統(tǒng)待機(jī)運(yùn)行流程 ................................................................................................ 17 系統(tǒng)待機(jī)運(yùn)行主流程 .................................................................................. 17 2 待機(jī)狀態(tài)按鍵子程序流程 .......................................................................... 18 待機(jī)狀態(tài)數(shù)碼管掃描程序流程 .................................................................. 18 步進(jìn)電機(jī)運(yùn)行模塊主流程 .................................................................................... 19 連續(xù)運(yùn)行模式模塊流程 ........................................................................................ 20 預(yù)置步數(shù)運(yùn)行模式模塊流程 ................................................................................ 21 定時(shí)器 0 中斷 (步進(jìn)脈沖輸出 )模塊流程 .............................................................. 22 系統(tǒng) Proteus 仿真 .....