【正文】 ................................................................................................ 1 課題研究的目的和意義 ............................................................................................. 1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況 ......................................................................................................... 1 論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 ................................................................................................. 2 第 2章 步進(jìn)電機(jī)與單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介 .............................................................................................. 3 步進(jìn)電機(jī)介紹 ............................................................................................................. 3 步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)介紹 ............................................................................................. 7 單片機(jī)原理 ................................................................................................................. 9 ULN2803 原理 ............................................................................................................ 17 晶體振蕩器 ............................................................................................................... 19 發(fā)光二極管 ............................................................................................................... 21 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)整體硬件結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................ 22 系統(tǒng)框圖 ................................................................................................................... 22 電源部分 ................................................................................................................... 22 按鍵部分 ................................................................................................................... 23 驅(qū)動(dòng)部分 ................................................................................................................... 24 顯示部分 ................................................................................................................... 25 第 4章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................ 27 系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)軟硬件環(huán)境 ............................................................................................... 27 系統(tǒng)主程序 ............................................................................................................... 27 查鍵部分 ................................................................................................................... 27 前進(jìn)部分 ................................................................................................................... 28 后退部分 ................................................................................................................... 29 加速部分 ................................................................................................................... 30 減速部分 ................................................................................................................... 31 第 5 章 系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試與檢測(cè) .................................................................................................. 32 程序編譯時(shí)的錯(cuò)誤與解決方法 ............................................................................... 32 LM7812 輸出電壓錯(cuò)誤與解決方法 .......................................................................... 32 步進(jìn)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)錯(cuò)誤及解決方法 ............................................................................... 32 結(jié)論 .......................................................................................................................................... 33 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................................................. 34 致謝 .......................................................................................................................................... 35 附錄 .......................................................................................................................................... 36 本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)選用的步進(jìn)電機(jī)是四相步進(jìn)電機(jī)，通過(guò)軟件和硬件的結(jié)合實(shí)現(xiàn)步進(jìn)電機(jī)的啟停、正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)、加速、減速功能，并且步進(jìn)電機(jī)所處的狀態(tài)用相應(yīng)的發(fā)光二極管 顯示。 driving mechanism。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 步進(jìn)電機(jī)；脈寬調(diào)制；驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)；單片機(jī)；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) Abstract The openloop system which is posed by stepmotor is simple, cheap and very practical, so there are very wide range of applications in printers and other office auto mation equipment and various control devices, and many other fields. This article describes one design of stepmotor system based on program of the preparation of a motor , reverse, speed up, slow down, stop is written by pile language. The above functions are realized through the microcontroller, motor driver chip ULN2021 and correspond key , and the work state of stepper motor is diaplayed through the lightemitting diode. This article introduces the principle of stepper motor and singlechip microputer, the system hardware circuit, the program ponents, while software and hardware for the debugging, at the same time introduces the problems which are appeared in the debugging process and the solutions of the problems . The design has the advantages of clear , high reliability, strong stability, etc.,and the abovementioned functions are realized through the debugging. Key Words: Stepper motor。本文內(nèi)容介紹了步進(jìn)電機(jī)以及單片機(jī)原理、該系統(tǒng)的硬件電路、程序組成，同時(shí)對(duì)軟、硬件進(jìn)行了調(diào)試，同時(shí)介紹了調(diào)試過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題以及解決問(wèn)題的方 法。 摘 要 步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)由于用其組成的開(kāi)環(huán)系統(tǒng)既簡(jiǎn)單、廉價(jià)，又非?？尚校虼嗽诖蛴C(jī)等辦公自動(dòng)化設(shè)備以及各種控制裝置等眾多領(lǐng)域有著極其廣泛的應(yīng)用。 本文介紹的是一種基于單片機(jī)的步進(jìn)電機(jī)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)，用匯編語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)出電機(jī)的正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)、加速、減速、停止程序，通過(guò)單片機(jī)、電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)芯片 ULN2021 以及相應(yīng)的按鍵實(shí)現(xiàn)以上功能，并且步進(jìn)電機(jī)的工作狀態(tài)要用相應(yīng)的發(fā)光二極管顯示出來(lái)。該設(shè)計(jì)具有思路明確、可靠性高、穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，通過(guò)調(diào)試實(shí)現(xiàn)了上述功能。 Pulsewidth modulated。 singlechip。主要通過(guò)三大塊來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)，包括驅(qū)動(dòng)電路的設(shè)計(jì)、狀態(tài)顯示部分和按鍵部分是設(shè)計(jì)。 本次論文分為六章，序言簡(jiǎn)要介紹了此次設(shè)計(jì)中有關(guān)步進(jìn)電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)器的相關(guān)概念。通過(guò)七章內(nèi)容的描述， 詳細(xì)介紹了本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容、方法、以及設(shè)計(jì)中遇到的問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的途徑。 隨著微電子和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的需求量與日俱增， 研制步