【正文】
等后便可以銷售商品的機(jī)械,從狹義來(lái)講就是自動(dòng)銷售商品的機(jī)械。 關(guān)鍵詞: 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī) ,可編程序控制器, 梯形圖 II Based on PLC automatic vending machine system design ABSTRACT The present paper design was by the microputer PLC constitution automat supervisory system, this article elaborated automat and the development, as well as it in the domestic and foreign development present situation, the characteristic as well as the principle of work basically, to carried on a more careful elaboration by the microputer PLC constitution vending machine system overall design process. Chooses PC machine in the design to take the host workstation on position machine, the lower position machine uses PLC to make the controller, three PLC controllers respectively be from the workstation 1, from the workstation 2, from the workstation 3, in the article exhaustively introduced the automat various hardware position, and has pleted the PLC exterior wiring diagram. In the article has manufactured on the position machine user management contact surface. The present paper key point places the PLC various hardware part the design and the introduction, the PLC trapezoidal chart Defers to in the overall design process “asks the question, the analysis question, solves the problem” the guiding ideology, has made the careful elaboration to the overall system design work. KEY WORDS: the vending machine, Programmable controller, Ladder diagram III 目 錄 前 言 ....................................................................................................... 1 第 1 章 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)的介紹 .................................................................... 2 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)概述 ......................................................................... 2 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)功能分析 ................................................................ 3 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)前景分析 ................................................................ 4 第 2 章 總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 ............................................................................ 6 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)系統(tǒng)需求 ................................................................ 6 系統(tǒng)硬件結(jié)構(gòu)框圖 ..................................................................... 7 總體方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 8 第 3 章 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)硬件結(jié) 構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 10 硬件選擇 .................................................................................. 10 電機(jī)的選擇 .................................................................... 10 貨幣處理裝置 ............................................................... 10 送出機(jī)構(gòu) .........................................................................11 按鈕裝置 .........................................................................11 顯示裝置 ........................................................................ 12 第 4 章 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................... 13 基于 PLC 的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)控制系統(tǒng) ....................................... 13 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)硬件系統(tǒng)的組成部分及工作流程 ........... 13 自動(dòng)售貨過(guò)程的控制子系統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)述 ............................... 14 基于 PLC 的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)控制 ..................................... 15 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)編程要求及基本原則 ............................. 16 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)編程要求 ....................................... 16 PLC 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則 ................................... 17 自動(dòng)售貨機(jī) PLC 控制方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................ 18 PLC 選型 ................................................................................... 18 PLC 概述 ........................................................................ 18 I/O 點(diǎn)估算 ...................................................................... 21 IV PLC 選型 ........................................................................ 21 程序設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................... 22 I/O 地址設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................. 22 流程設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................ 23 PLC 與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)器件的連接 ................................................ 24 投幣程序設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................... 25 比較、選擇、購(gòu)買程序設(shè)計(jì) ....................................... 28 退幣程序設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................... 30 主程序設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................... 32 梯形 圖程序調(diào)試 ........................................................... 34 結(jié) 論 ..................................................................................................... 35 謝 辭 ..................................................................................................... 36 參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................................................................. 37 附 錄 ..................................................................................................... 39 外文資料翻譯 ........................................................................................ 45 1 前 言 從自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)來(lái)看,它的出現(xiàn)是由于勞動(dòng)密集型的產(chǎn)業(yè)構(gòu)造向技術(shù)密集型社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變的產(chǎn)物。 本文設(shè)計(jì)一套基于 PLC 的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)控制系統(tǒng),闡述了自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)的發(fā)展背景與前景,詳細(xì)分析其功能和特點(diǎn),提出了總體設(shè)計(jì)方案;選用型號(hào)為 L293D 的步進(jìn)驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī),設(shè)計(jì)了平面式貯幣、電磁閥退幣的貨幣處理裝置,雙螺旋式的送出機(jī) 構(gòu),為降低成本和開發(fā)周期,創(chuàng)造性的選用了集成鍵盤、顯示、設(shè)置功能的控制面板;以三菱 FX2N48MR 型 PLC 為主控制器,基于 FXGP/WINC 編程軟件,采用順序控制的程序設(shè)計(jì)思路,設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)控制程序,包括投幣程序、比較選擇購(gòu)買程序和退幣程序。 I 基于 PLC 的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī) 監(jiān)控 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 隨著當(dāng)前城市規(guī)模的增大,很多公共場(chǎng)合都放置有自動(dòng)售貨機(jī) , 極大的滿足了人們的即時(shí)性需求,為人們進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單物品的采購(gòu)提供了一種便利。傳統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)多采用單片機(jī)控制方案,系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜,抗干擾能力相對(duì)較差,很難保證系統(tǒng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性,維護(hù)維修困難。 該設(shè)計(jì)提高了自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)的可靠性和執(zhí)行效率,且系統(tǒng)維護(hù)容易,維修簡(jiǎn)單,有一定的市場(chǎng)推廣價(jià)值。大量生產(chǎn)、大量消費(fèi)以及消費(fèi)模式和銷售環(huán)境的變化,要求出現(xiàn)新的流通渠道;而相對(duì)的超市、百貨購(gòu)物中心等新的流通渠道的產(chǎn)生 ,人工費(fèi)用也不斷上升;再加上場(chǎng)地的局限性以及購(gòu)物的便利性等這些因素的制約,無(wú)人自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)作為一種必須的機(jī)器便應(yīng)運(yùn)而生了。從供給的條件看,自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)可以充分補(bǔ)充人力資源的不足,適應(yīng)消費(fèi)環(huán)境和消費(fèi)模式的變化, 24 小時(shí)無(wú)人售貨的系統(tǒng)可以更省力,運(yùn)營(yíng)時(shí)需要的資本少、面積小,有吸引人們購(gòu)買好奇心的自身性能,可以很好地解決人工費(fèi)用上升的問(wèn)題等各項(xiàng)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。例如實(shí)行聯(lián)機(jī)方式,通 過(guò)電話線路將自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)內(nèi)的庫(kù)存信息及時(shí)地傳送各營(yíng)業(yè)點(diǎn)的電腦中,從而確保了商品的發(fā)送、補(bǔ)充以及商品選定的順利進(jìn)行。在夏季電力消費(fèi)高峰時(shí),這種機(jī)型的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)即使在關(guān)掉冷卻器的狀況下也能保持低溫,與以往的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)相比,