【正文】 my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。（事實(shí)：沒帶錢） If he studied harder, he might pass the ，就能通過考試了。（事實(shí)：不知道） If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the ，地球上就不會有生物。 三、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的用法 真實(shí)條件狀語從句與非真實(shí)條件狀語從句 Eg. If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真實(shí)條件狀語 ) If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.（真實(shí)條件狀語） If I were you, I would go at once.（非真實(shí)條件狀語從句） If there was no air, people would die.（非真實(shí)條件狀語從句） 虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式 ① 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況 （條件）從句謂語動詞形式 主句謂語動詞形式 謂語動詞用過去式（ be 用 were） should/would/could/might+動詞原形 eg： If I were you, I’d take an ，我會帶把傘。 虛擬語氣 一、詞的語氣 指我們平常說的說話人說話的口氣。 1 She doesn’t want to let her friends 。 I feel nervous talking in front of many 。 What are you like? 你是什么樣的人？ I’d invite him/her to have dinner at my （她）到我家吃飯。 11 I’m too tired to do ，沒考好。 You shouldn’t worry about what other people 。 The other(s) 只能指代可數(shù)名詞 2 e up with 提出或提出（答案、方法）等。 eg I’d prefer to go to in summer rather than in winter. I decided to write rather than telephone. I like going out with you rather than with him. She enjoys listening rather than speaking. 1 today、 here、 there、 downstairs、 upstairs、 above、 below 做賓語修飾名詞，放在名詞之后 eg the weather today今天的天氣 people here這里的人們 the man downstairs樓下的那個(gè)男的 the passage below 下面的這段話 a little = a bit 修飾形容詞、副詞 a little = a bit of 修飾不可 數(shù)名詞 2 There is an English speech contest next month 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，表示計(jì)劃或安排好的動作，或者日歷、時(shí)刻表的規(guī)定內(nèi)容。 前后連接兩個(gè)動詞原形，否定形式為： would rather not do sth ① would rather ? than ? = prefer ? to ? 但 prefer ? to ? 若連接兩個(gè)動詞，動詞應(yīng)為 ving 形式。 How are you getting along with your English study? 你的英語學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展的怎么樣了？ ②相處 eg Do you get along with your boss?= Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老板合得來嗎？ I’m getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，只能用于肯定句。 What’s like? 問“品質(zhì)性格”。后跟短語或名詞等，則為介詞。 say 后跟名詞、代詞及賓語從句做賓語，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)說話內(nèi)容。 tell 告訴 , 分辨，辨別。如科學(xué)上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。 look for 尋找 find 找到、發(fā)現(xiàn) find out 指經(jīng)過觀察、探索、調(diào)查等弄清楚、弄明白。 比?更? 例 : The man is more stupid than ,倒不如說他愚蠢 . ②在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中 ,more 做 adj. 修飾名詞 ,表示“比?多” 例 :I have more books than you. 我的書比你的多 . ① n. 自愿者 . ② v. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做? 例 : We all volunteered to help in the old people’s . 指僥幸的 ,偶爾的機(jī)會 ,還可表示“可能性” opportunity 指有利的時(shí)機(jī) ,良機(jī) .二者有時(shí)可以互換 . Have an opportunity to do sth 有做?的機(jī)會 . Don’t be too frustrated. You’ll have another opportunity to go to college next year. 別太沮喪了 ,你還有上大學(xué)的機(jī)會 . 17. experience : ①可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)歷 ,體驗(yàn)”例 : Please tell us something about your experiences.②不可數(shù)名詞 “經(jīng)驗(yàn)” 例 : He is a man of rich experience. ③動詞“經(jīng)歷” 例 : She experienced lots of suffering. 18. off 不工作 ,不上班 ,不上學(xué) ,不值班 . 例 : I think I’ll take the afternoon off. 我想 下午歇班 . She is off today. 她今天休息 . I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假 . 19. reply 與 answer 兩者有時(shí)可通用 . reply 比 answer 正式 ,一般指經(jīng)過思考的 .有針對性的 ,詳細(xì)的回答 ,往往與 to 連用 .answer 是一般用語 ,可直接帶賓語 . 另外 answer 還有“應(yīng)答”之意 .如 answer the door/telephone 20. get in the way (of)... 妨礙 ... 例 : He never gets in others’ way. 他從不妨礙別人 . The bikes over there will get in the way of others. 自行車放在那里會妨礙別人的 . 21. success (n.)successful (adj.)succeed (v.) 22. do does did 用在另一個(gè)動詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào) . 例 : He does speak well. 他真的講的很好 . Do be quiet. 務(wù)必安靜 . 23. in the end = finally = at last 最后 . 24. importance (n.) important (adj.) 25. be serious about 對?熱忠 /極感興趣 . 7 例 : I’m serious about the problem. To tell you the truth, I’m not serious about math at all. 26. only 處于句首 ,并后跟狀語時(shí) ,全句需要倒裝 . 例 : Only then did he understand it. 只有到那時(shí) ,他才明白 . Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有這樣我們才能把英語學(xué)好 . Only when she came home, did he learn the news. 當(dāng)她到家時(shí) ,他才得知了這消息 . 27. care about 關(guān)心 ,在乎 ,在意 . 例 : No one cares about others nowadays. 現(xiàn)在沒人關(guān)心別人 . I don’t care about what he does. 我并不在意他干什么 . 28. clothes 統(tǒng)指身 上穿的各種服裝 ,包括上衣 ,褲子 ,內(nèi)衣等 ,做主語 ,謂語動詞按復(fù)數(shù)處理 . clothing 不可數(shù)名詞 ,是服裝的總稱 ,包括各種衣服 ,帽子 ,鞋襪等 .做主語謂動按單三處理 . cloth 布料 . 二 .短語 1. be allowed to do sth 被允許干? allow sb to do sth 允許某人干? allow doing sth 允許干? 2. sixteenyearolds = sixteenyearold boys and girls 16 歲的孩子 3. parttime jobs 兼職工作 4. a driver’s license 駕照 5. on weekends 在周末 6. at that age 在那個(gè)年齡段 7. on school nights 在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上 8. stay up 熬夜 9. clean up (相當(dāng)與及物動詞 ) 清掃 10. fail (in) a test 考試不及格 11. take the test 參加考試 12. the other day 前幾天 13. all my classmates 我所有的同學(xué) 14. concentrate on 全神貫注于 15. be good for 對?有益 16. in groups 成群的 ,按組的 17. get noisy 吵鬧 (系表結(jié)構(gòu) ) 18. learn from 向某人學(xué)習(xí) 19. at present 目前 ,現(xiàn)在 20. have an opportunity to do sth 有做?的機(jī)會 dictionary 英英詞典 22. at least 至少 hours’ sleep a night 每晚 8 小時(shí)的睡眠 24. an old people’s home 敬老院 25. take time to do sth 花費(fèi)時(shí)間干? 26. primary schools 小學(xué) 27. have? off 放假 ,休息 28. reply to 回答 ,答復(fù) 29. get in the way of 妨礙 30. a professional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動員 8 31. achieve one’s dreams 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想 32. think about 思考 ,考慮 33. in the end 最后 ,終于 34. be serious about 對?熱忠 /極感興趣 35. spend? on + ? (in) + ving 在?上花費(fèi)時(shí)間 /金錢 36. care about 關(guān)心 ,擔(dān)心 ,在乎 37. agree with 同意? 三 .句子 1. I don’t think twelveyearolds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許 12 歲的孩子穿耳孔 . talk instead of doing homework. 他們聊天而不是做作業(yè) . is allowed to stay up until 11:00 pm. 允許他們熬到晚上 11 點(diǎn) . should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often. 我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事情 . school rules do you think should be changed? 你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了 ? two pairs of jeans both look good on me. 這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合 . classroom is a real mess. 教室太臟了 . I be allowed to make my own decisions? then will I have a chance of achieving my dream. 只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想 . should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 應(yīng)該允許他們對業(yè)余愛好想練多長時(shí)間就練多長時(shí)間 . have nothing against running. 我們沒