【正文】 是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, stop smoking in the like reading in the you mind my opening the windows?4）動名詞作定語She is studying in the reading slept in the sleeping bag.（動名詞的否定形式：not + 動名詞He pretend not knowing it at 。s go 39。It39?！駝?名 詞動名詞是由動詞原形 + ing 構成，同現(xiàn)在分詞形式一樣，在句中可作主語，賓語，表語和定語。He is the man to be 。There are much work for me to finish, 有許多工作要我去完成。It39。Can you tell me where to get the ？Do you know how to get to the ？帶邏輯主語的不定式：動詞不定式可以帶有自己的邏輯主語，構成方法是： for + 邏輯主語 + 不定式。I don39。帶疑問詞的不定式：疑問詞who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，構成不定式短語，使含義更加具體。It39。She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet ，從一種西藏花中提取某種有用的藥物。I have something important to tell 。The most urgent thing is to find the boy 。Please ask him to e here 。：某些及物動詞可以用動詞不定式作賓語，這些動詞有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, I wish is to learn English like to help others if I 。It39。It39。：To mast a language is not an easy teach English is my 39。I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式）Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分詞的被動形式）非謂語動詞在句中可以當成名詞或者形容詞來使用。Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是 working 的狀語）It39。Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟賓語）To help him is my 。Mike likes the pop music.（動詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式）Lucy has nothing to do today。Miss Mary teaches us 。動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞，分詞，動詞不定式。清華大學英語教授研究組提供It is expensive running this car．開這種小車是浪費。It is nice seeing you again．真高興又遇到了你。It is a waste of time trying to explain．設法解釋是浪費時間。It is no good 。Seeing is 。s a great pity for there to be much trouble in the 。間或也可用for + there to be表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是to be）。3)某些形容詞，如：careless等不定式后可以加of來引導出其邏輯主語。He dislikes his wife39。s+動名詞。例如： It was wise of him to do that．他那樣做是明智的。例如：I found it impossible for him to do the job alone．我發(fā)現(xiàn)他—個人干這活是不可能的。There was nothing for them to do but to remain silent．除了保持沉默以外，他們沒有別有別的辦法。但是，如果謂語動詞不是“do nothing，anything，everything”，那么but(except)所跟的不定式則仍須帶。3)在do nothing／anything／everything but(except)結構中。I would have you know that I am ill．我想要你知道我病了。這類詞有： feel 覺得 observe 注意到，看到 overhear聽到清華大學英語教授研究組提供watch注視 listen to聽 perceive察覺，感知 notice注意 see看見 look at看 hear聽On seeing the young child fell into the lake，Eric sprang to his feet，and went on the )另一類是某些使役動詞，如make, let，have等。 后面不能直接跟不定式作賓語，只能跟疑問詞（如：how, what）+不定式：While still a young boy, Tom knew to play the piano well and as he grew older, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen.(2)介詞except和but作“只有…，只能…”講時跟不定式結構（but與不帶to的不定式連用）。(表語)I can tell you where to get this 。t know what to do．我不知道該怎么辦。如：When to start has not been decided．何時動身尚未決定。6．非謂語動詞常考的其它結構（1)疑問詞+不定式結構疑問詞who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可構成一種特殊的不定式短語。(原因)（3）下面一些句型是不定式做狀語時候應該注意的：a：not/never too…to, too…not to , but/only too… to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意義 b：做結果狀語的不定式只能出現(xiàn)在句子的末尾，常見的不定式動詞有：find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。(結果)The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf．這男孩個子不夠高，手伸不到書架。ll learn something new．只要你仔細閱讀，你會學到一些新的東西。(原因)Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before．他仔細讀書時，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。動詞不定式作狀語時，除了表示目的以外，還表示結果或原因。(伴隨)They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan．他們站在路邊為的是談論這個計劃。(2)動詞不定式和分詞作狀語的區(qū)別1)分詞作狀語一般表示伴隨，而不定式常常表示目的。Given more attention, the trees could have grown ，它們本來會長得更好。清華大學英語教授研究組提供Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for ，他去找父母幫忙。1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，現(xiàn)在分詞的動作就是句子主語的動作，它們之間的關系是主動關系。例如： Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要見那位將從北京請來的醫(yī)生嗎？Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要見那位正在辦公室里寫病歷的醫(yī)生嗎？5．不定式和分詞作狀語的區(qū)別（1）現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區(qū)別。Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那個修好的表了嗎? He is an advanced teacher．他是個先進教師。The child standing over there is my brother．站在那兒的男孩子是我弟弟。2)現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進行，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)或做完(完成)的事。He is always the first to e and the last to leave． 他總是第一個到來，最后一個離去。如： tend to dotendency to do；decide to do = decision to do；be curious to do = curiosity to do His wish to buy a car came true．他要買輛車的愿望實現(xiàn)了。John will do anything but work on a farm．除了農(nóng)活，約翰什么都愿意干。4)不定式修飾一些表示方向、原因、時間、機會、權利等抽象名詞如： ability能力，本領 drive趕，駕駛 movement運動，活動 ambition抱負，野心 effort努力，嘗試 need需要，需求清華大學英語教授研究組提供campaign戰(zhàn)役，運動 failure失敗，不及格 opportunity機會 chance機會 force力，壓力，要點 promise許諾，希望 courage勇氣 intention意向，意圖 reason理由，原因 decision決定 method方法，方式 light光，光線，亮光determination決心，決定 motive動機，目的 struggle奮斗，努力，tendency傾向，趨勢 wish希望，愿望，祝愿5）被修飾的名詞前有序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或next，second, last, only和not a，the等限定詞時候，只能用不定式。I need a pen to write with．我需要一支筆寫字。She has a lot of work to do in the morning．早上他有很多工作要做。The train to arrive was from London．將要到站的火車是從倫敦開來的。This illness will mean(your)going to hospital．得了這種病(你)就要進醫(yī)院。I didn39。Let39。(已講過)I regret to have to do this，but I have no choice．我很遺憾必須這樣去做，我實在沒辦法。I don39。Don39。(3)有些動詞后使用動名詞和動詞不定式作賓語的差別 1）forget to do 忘記要去做某事（此事未做）清華大學英語教授研究組提供forget doing忘記做過某事（此事已做過或已發(fā)生）2）stop to do 停止、中斷（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或經(jīng)常做的事 3）remember to do 記住去做某事（未做）remember doing記得做過某事(已做)4)regret to do對要做的事遺憾 regret doing對做過的事遺憾、后悔 5）try to do努力、企圖做某事 try doing試驗、試一試某種辦法 6)mean to do打算，有意要… mean doing意味著7）go on to do 繼而（去做另外一件事情）go on doing 繼續(xù)（原先沒有做完的事情）8）propose to do 打算（要做某事）proposing doing建議（做某事）9)like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具體行為；+doing sth 表示抽象、傾向概念（注)如果這些動詞前有should一詞，其后賓語只跟不定式，不能跟動名詞。t help不禁 delay延遲 escape逃跑，逃避 can39。They were very excited at the news．聽到這個消息，他們非常激動。The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much．如果要學生學得太多，他們會感到糊涂的。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用ed形式。People cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected．(3)分詞作表語分詞做表語有兩種情況，一種是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語，一種是過去分詞做表語，這兩者區(qū)別是考試中經(jīng)?？嫉降牡胤?。(注)動名詞作表語時與進行時態(tài)中的現(xiàn)在分詞形式相同，但其所屬結構迥異，進行時態(tài)說明動作是由主語完成的。Our work is serving the people．我們的工作是為人民服務