【正文】 aybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting.①One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading.②You remember better what you read when you know why you?re reading.①Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her offer to help is, “No, thank ?m just looking”? ②Both you and she know that if you aren?t sure what you want, you are not likely to find it.③But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank want a pair of sun glasses.” ④She says, “Right this way, please.” ⑤And you and she are offboth eager to look for exactly what you want.①It?s quite the same with your studying.②If you chose a book at random, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just thatnothing.③But if you do know what you want, and if you have the right book, you are almost sure to get it.④Your reasons will vary。那年夏天，當(dāng)“五月花號(hào)”返回英格蘭的時(shí)候，船上沒(méi)有一名殖民者。最重要的是，在馬薩索特酋長(zhǎng)的監(jiān)管下，他們?cè)谙奶炫c其印第安鄰居訂立了友好協(xié)定。在他們身后是（秋天的）一個(gè)大豐收，他們充滿自信地為第二個(gè)冬天的到來(lái)做好了準(zhǔn)備。最初的一百名乘客只有五十人存活了下來(lái)，人類生命的代價(jià)和和悲劇是如此巨大。由于天氣變暖和飲食的改善，殖民者們的健康狀況得以好轉(zhuǎn)。生活條件在1621年的春天開(kāi)始改善：有了野菜、漿果和水果以及充足的魚(yú)和野禽。朝圣者中只有最為強(qiáng)壯的人活過(guò)了那個(gè)冬天。1620年12月份，這一群勇敢的殖民者最終不得不在位于馬薩諸塞州巖石嶙嶙海岸的普利茅斯登陸。船上的一百名乘客都是朝圣者，他們正在尋找一個(gè)地方，在那里他們能以自己特有的方式敬仰上帝。三、全文翻譯1620年，一艘被命名為“五月花號(hào)”的小帆船離開(kāi)倫敦駛往新大陸。［空格設(shè)置］aboard的含義和用法都比較簡(jiǎn)單，但需要根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推斷。［篇章分析］2○7○28句承接上文，總結(jié)指出殖民者生活狀況好轉(zhuǎn)，他們?cè)谥趁竦囟ň酉聛?lái)。10.［A］ ashore在岸上［B］ around周圍 ［C］ about到處［D］ aboard在（船、車飛機(jī)）上 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：上下文語(yǔ)義+副詞辨析［快速解題］空格所在部分意為“當(dāng)‘五月花號(hào)’返回英格蘭的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有一名殖民者…”，顯然，表示“在船上”的aboard符合文章語(yǔ)義的銜接，為正確選項(xiàng)。例句：I did it for the 。例句如：Best of all, we don?t have any 。［篇章分析］2○6句雖然是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，但是句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，主干為they had established a treaty of friendship，句首的best of all與with..，under…，in…三個(gè)介賓短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)。to their best短語(yǔ)不存在，首先排除。［干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)置］其他項(xiàng)都是利用常用介詞設(shè)置的脫離上下文的無(wú)關(guān)干擾，聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)義不難排除。［空格設(shè)置］本題通過(guò)behind考查了考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)部時(shí)間邏輯的把握，及它本身不為考生所熟悉的含義。［篇章分析］2○1句是第二段第二個(gè)層次的總起句，指出了對(duì)未來(lái)的希望。behind意為used to say that sth is in sb?s past，它代入文中，意為“他們身后是（秋天的）一個(gè)大豐收”，即“已經(jīng)獲得了豐收”。8.［A］ on［B］ behind［C］ for［D］ beyond 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：上下文語(yǔ)義+介詞辨析［快速解題］空格所在部分A splendid harvest was 8 them，意為“一個(gè)大豐收…他們”。［空格設(shè)置］介詞over的含義和用法都很豐富，在知識(shí)運(yùn)用的文章中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，考生要結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)境掌握該詞用法。［篇章分析］第二段分為兩個(gè)層次：1○7至○20句是對(duì)過(guò)去的回顧，2○1至○26句是對(duì)未來(lái)的展望與準(zhǔn)備。不存在look back in與look back of的用法，首先排除[A]和[B]。He?s still recovering from his ，他仍在恢復(fù)之中。例句：Her position in the party has strengthened in recent ，她在黨內(nèi)的地位有所增強(qiáng)。［干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)置］其他項(xiàng)利用考生熟悉的漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)法設(shè)置干擾。［空格設(shè)置］improve的含義比較簡(jiǎn)單，但用法很豐富，可以泛指各方面的“改善、提高”，如：His quality of life has improved dramatically since the 。符合上下文語(yǔ)義的只有improve，在文中意為“健康得到改善”。regained意為“恢復(fù)”時(shí)常做及物動(dòng)詞，不符合文中用法，但是可以說(shuō)…regained health。6.［A］strengthened加強(qiáng)，鞏固［B］regained 重新獲得，恢復(fù) ［C］recovered恢復(fù)健康，康復(fù)［D］improved 改進(jìn)，改善 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞辨析［快速解題］空格所在部分的主語(yǔ)是the colonists? health，此題的關(guān)鍵是判斷哪個(gè)動(dòng)詞能與health搭配，并且能與上下文銜接。They have created an environment in which productivity should 。［干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)置］其他項(xiàng)利用表示“環(huán)境、狀況”的名詞對(duì)conditions形成近義干擾。［空格設(shè)置］conditions本身詞義比較簡(jiǎn)單，但要求考生根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境排除干擾，作出正確判斷。situation強(qiáng)調(diào)特定時(shí)期和特定地點(diǎn)形勢(shì)、局面，environments特指影響個(gè)體或事物行為或發(fā)展的環(huán)境，conditions指居住、工作或做事情的環(huán)境或條件，circumstances尤其指經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。Few planets can sustain 。［干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)置］其他項(xiàng)是利用表示“度過(guò)”的動(dòng)詞對(duì)survive構(gòu)成近義干擾，考生要在理解詞義的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)單詞的用法區(qū)別掌握。［空格設(shè)置］本題借survive考查了考生對(duì)上下文的理解。sustain雖然含有“生存”的意思，但其后常接life或人作賓語(yǔ)，不符合文中用法。4.［A］ passed通過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)；消磨，度過(guò)［B］ sustained維持（生命、生存）［C］ survived生存；幸存，挺過(guò)，艱難度過(guò) ［D］ spent花（時(shí)間），度過(guò) 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：上下文語(yǔ)義+動(dòng)詞辨析［快速解題］空格所在部分意為“朝圣者中只有最為強(qiáng)壯的人…那個(gè)冬天”。［空格設(shè)置］terrible的詞義和用法比較簡(jiǎn)單，本題需要考生理解上下文的具體內(nèi)容做出選擇。3.［A］ Unfortable令人不舒適的 ［B］ Bad令人不快的，壞的［C］ Unfavourable不利的，有害的 ［D］ Terrible可怕的，造成極大傷害的 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：上下文語(yǔ)義+形容詞辨析 ［快速解題］空格處填入的形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾months，意為“…的幾個(gè)月”。例句：Which is the best route to take? 哪一條是最佳路線？This passage will take us to the other ，我們就可以到達(dá)另一座大樓。［空格設(shè)置］course除了考生熟悉的表示“課程”的含義外，還可意為“（船或飛機(jī)的）航向，航線“，如：The plane was on/off 。由于文中具體指出了是海上航行，因此排除常指“地面路線”的route，最佳答案為[A]course。2.［A］ course航向，航線［B］ route路線，路途 ［C］ passage通道，航程［D］ channel渠道，海峽 本題考核的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是：名詞詞義辨析［快速解題］空格處填入的名詞作lost的賓語(yǔ)，因此此題關(guān)鍵是判斷那個(gè)選項(xiàng)可與lost搭配且符合文意。例句：The accident happened through no fault of her 。［空格設(shè)置］in one?s own way是固定短語(yǔ)，如：I expect she does love you in her own 。［篇章分析］①至④句是第一段的第一個(gè)層次，揭示了五月花號(hào)前往新大陸的原因。in one?s own way是固定搭配，意為“以…特有的方式”，代入文中意為“以他們特有的方式敬仰上帝”，符合上下文邏輯關(guān)系，為正確答案。第三段說(shuō)明了感恩節(jié)產(chǎn)生的直接原因：朝圣者想慶祝他們定居新家的第一年。①至④句介紹了“五月花號(hào)”前往美洲的原因，⑤至⑩句介紹了“五月花號(hào)”上的朝圣者在途中以及登陸后遇到的困難，○11至1○6句介紹了他們生活條件得到好轉(zhuǎn)的原因及表現(xiàn)。第四篇：考研英語(yǔ)歷年真題19891989年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題Section I Close TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled ［A］, ［B］, ［C］ and ［D］.Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER the whole passage before making your choice.(10 points)①One day drought may be a thing of the past at least in coastal cities.②Vast areas of desert throughout the world may for the first timeand provide millions of hectares of land where now nothing grows.③By the end of this century this may not be mere2.④Scientists are already looking into the possibility of using some of the available ice in the Arctic and Antarctic.⑤In these regions there are vast icecaps formed by snow that has fallen over the past 50,000 years.⑥Layerlayer of deep snow means that, when melted, the snow water would be pure, not salty as seaice would be.⑦There is so muchpure water here that it would need only a fraction of it to turn much of the desert or poorly irrigated parts of the world into rich farmland.⑧And what useful packages it would e in!⑨It should be possible to cut off a bit of ice and11They are always transport it!⑩Alternatively perhaps a passing iceberg could be.○breaking away from the main caps and floating around, pushed by currents, until they eventually melt and are icebergs are, of course, far too small to be toweddistance, and would melt ○13It would be necessary to locate one before they reached a country that needed them anywhere.○14that wasand that was big enough to provide a good supply of ice when it reached us.○Engineers think that an iceberg up to seven miles long and one and a half miles wide could be15Even then they would cover only transported if the tug pulling it was as big as a supertanker!○the iceberg was at its destination, more that 7,000