高三英語：專題九非謂語動詞十一-專題熱點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)-文庫吧資料
2025-06-13 23:51本頁面
【正文】 的行為可用動名詞，如表示具體的行為常用動詞不定式。但意義上有區(qū)別，要特別注意。例如：① She pretended not to see me when I passed by.② We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.③ In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state – run panies are striving to make their products more petitive. 二、下列動詞只能用動名詞作賓語consider / suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon, admit, delay/ put off, fancy, avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise, deny, finish, enjoy / appreciate, can’t help, mind, allow / permit, escape, imagine, forbid, risk 此外be used to, look forward to, lead to, devote to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can’t stand (無法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, put off, thank you for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficulty / trouble (in), have a good / wonderful /hard time (in)等動詞詞組也要用動名詞作賓語。如：Listen ! The song being sung is very popular with the students. 不定式的被動式作定語時(shí)，表示一個(gè)未來的動作。過去分詞表示的動作或是在謂語所表示的動作之前發(fā)生，或是沒有一定的時(shí)間性。V –ing 表示正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成。當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為主動關(guān)系時(shí)，用V –ing；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關(guān)系且表正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用being + 過去分詞；當(dāng)被修飾的名詞與分詞為被動關(guān)系且表完成時(shí)，用過去分詞。如：Do you have the ability to read and write English ?I have to chance to go sight –seeing. 二、分詞作定語1．作定語的及物動詞分詞形式為：V –ing。試比較：Have you anything to send ? 你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式to send 的動作執(zhí)行者是“你”）Have you anything to be sent ? 你有什么要（我或別人）寄的東西嗎？（不定式to be sent 的動作執(zhí)行者是“我”或“別人”）3．用不定式作定語的幾種情況：不定式表將來：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday. 用來修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或no, all, any 等限定的中心詞。如：The Browns have a fortable house to live in. There is nothing to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with.Here is some paper for you to write on.但是，不定式所修飾的名詞如果是time, place 或way時(shí)，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上省去。以上動詞還可用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語（5+3+2+12+4）：即以上動詞除let, make 外都可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，此外find, catch, keep, lave 也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。③ have sb. do sth. (get sb. to do sth. ) 使/讓/叫某人去做某事如：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. I can’t get him to stop smoking. He won’t listen to me. 二、下列動詞后跟帶to 的不定式作補(bǔ)語advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, think, wait for, call on, depend on 等。如：I won’t have you speaking to your parents like 。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn)起來。如I’ll have /get my bike repaired ，have sth. done 還表示“使遭受……”之意。（主動，將來）We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 我們匆匆忙忙導(dǎo)結(jié)束了會議，留下了很多問題等待解決。（主動，正在進(jìn)行）The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious. 客人們沒有動大部分菜，因?yàn)樗鼈儑L起來不可口。）leave sth. undone 留下某事未做（賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是動賓關(guān)系，表示被動和完成，一般以undone, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 為多）leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做（不定式表示將來的動作。如：I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone.
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