cochrane系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)的格式-文庫(kù)吧資料
2024-11-10 15:30本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ochrane Reviews in print journals and books 雜志或者圖書中出版的綜述（以雜志和書籍形式出版 COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)） Reviewers may wish to seek copublication of Cochrane Reviews in peerreviewed medical journals, particularly in those journals that have expressed enthusiasm for copublication of Cochrane Reviews. For the Cochrane Collaboration, there is one essential condition of copublication: Cochrane Reviews must remain free for dissemination in any and all media, without restriction from any of them. To ensure this, Cochrane reviewers grant the Collaboration worldwide licences for these activities, and do not sign over exclusive copyright to any journal or other publisher. A journal is free to request a nonexclusive copyright that permits it to publish and republish a review, but this cannot restrict the publication of the review by the Cochrane Collaboration in whatever form the Collaboration feels appropriate. 評(píng)論者熱衷于尋找醫(yī)學(xué)雜志中特別是那些向 cochrane 綜述表示合作意向的雜志。） To help ensure the integrity and perceived integrity of Cochrane Reviews, all reviewers must sign the relevant statements in the form giving the Cochrane Collaboration permission to publish their review in addition to disclosing conflicts of interest. 為了保證綜述的一致性，除公開出版物以外評(píng)論者必需按照委員會(huì)規(guī)定的格式進(jìn)行書寫。編輯可以作出該利益沖突不值得暴光的決定，或是作出應(yīng)讓讀者 知道并由他們自己去判斷該沖突重要性的決定。但利益沖突可能以很微妙的方式影響評(píng)價(jià)者的判斷。編輯人員有責(zé)任讓讀者了解利益沖突以便引起足夠的重視，是否公開這一信息則是由評(píng)論者和編輯人員決定。但是利益沖突可以影響判斷力。任何可能過(guò)度影響評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程中判斷（如研究的納入與排除，納入研究真實(shí)性的評(píng)估或結(jié)果的解釋）的次要利益（如個(gè)人沖突）都應(yīng)予以說(shuō)明。而偏好（興趣）沖突是不可避免的，因?yàn)橹挥挟?dāng)對(duì)某主題一無(wú)所知的人才會(huì)對(duì)該主題沒(méi)有任何的偏好（興趣）導(dǎo)向。一些可能影響判斷力的次級(jí)沖突也應(yīng)該被提出來(lái) (例如研究的相容性和排斥性，評(píng)價(jià)研究或者譯文的有效性 )。如果一個(gè)人對(duì)某 一主題一概不知并且沒(méi)有法律規(guī)定的利益沖突，那么可能會(huì)將其取消。Conflict of interest39。但對(duì)有限制條件的贊助或與上述基本原則相違背的贊助例外。 （以下告誡 /建議來(lái)源于 COCHRANE 協(xié)作網(wǎng)指導(dǎo)法規(guī)，關(guān)于避免潛在的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益沖突（見(jiàn)附錄 2b） 如收到研究贊助單位的好處，須在 CDSR 及其他協(xié)作網(wǎng)發(fā)行的出版物中承認(rèn)并透露利益沖突。 如果出現(xiàn)更嚴(yán)重的利益沖突，必須向當(dāng)?shù)刂行膱?bào)告，并且通知上級(jí)管理層。） Remendations 推薦（告誡 /建議） The following remendations are taken from the Collaboration39。 （ COCHRANE 評(píng)價(jià)應(yīng)避免因接收紅包（現(xiàn)金）或諸如此類的好處、接受款待（用中國(guó)話講就是請(qǐng)客吃飯）或各種來(lái)源的補(bǔ)助而影響評(píng)價(jià)的結(jié)果。） Outline of a Cochrane Review Cover sheet: Title Reviewers Sources of support What’s New Text of review: Synopsis Abstract Background Objectives Search strategy Selection criteria Data collection amp。 （統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)題和表格可指導(dǎo)評(píng)價(jià)者準(zhǔn)備報(bào)告，同時(shí)也方便讀者查詢他們感興趣的信息。標(biāo)題列在下面。） Each review consists of: ? a cover sheet giving the title, citation details and contact addresses ? a synopsis ? an abstract using a structured format ? the text of the review consisting of an introduction (background and objective), materials (selection criteria and search strategy) and methods, results (description of studies, methodological quality, and results), discussion and reviewers’ conclusions. ? tables and figures showing characteristics of the included studies, specification of the interventions that were pared, the results of the included studies, a log of the studies that were excluded, and additional figures relevant to the review. ? references 每個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)包括： 封面－給出標(biāo)題，引文內(nèi)容和聯(lián)系地址 概要 摘要－使用結(jié)構(gòu)式格式 評(píng)價(jià)正文－包括引言（背景和目的），材料（選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和檢索策略）和方法，結(jié)果（研究描述，方法學(xué)質(zhì)量和結(jié)果），討論和評(píng)價(jià)者的結(jié)論。 （根據(jù)于評(píng)價(jià)協(xié)作組的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)用戶的反饋及系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)管理軟件（ RevMan）顧問(wèn)組（用于撰寫 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)的軟件 Revman 的規(guī)范即是他們制定的）的建議，我們對(duì) 94 年第一版格式做了少量修改。這些改動(dòng)基于協(xié)作評(píng)價(jià)組的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)使用者的反饋和由評(píng)價(jià)管理（ RevMan）顧問(wèn)組（系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)管理軟件（ RevMan）顧問(wèn)組）提出的建議，由此產(chǎn)生了使用軟件進(jìn)行 Cochrane 評(píng)價(jià)的規(guī)范。（雖然很多原因表明現(xiàn)有的 COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)格式需要修改，但由于改變 CDSR 中評(píng)價(jià)文章的 格式工程浩大，因此在改動(dòng)之前我們希望設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)相對(duì)完善的格式并固定下來(lái)。）由于各種原因 Cochrane評(píng)價(jià)的格式需要不斷修改。（ COCHRANE 評(píng)價(jià)的最初格式是由 Mike Clarke, Murray Enkin, Chris Silagy, Mark Starr 及其同行們共同設(shè)計(jì)的。） Mike Clarke, Murray Enkin, Chris Silagy, and Mark Starr developed the original format of a Cochrane Review, with input from many others. The format is flexible enough to fit different types of reviews, including those making a single parison, those making multiple parisons and those prepared using individual patient data. Modifications of the format of Cochrane Reviews may be desired for a variety of reasons. However, because of the huge effort it can take to change the structure of reviews in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), the format must be well defined and fixed. Some minor changes have been made from the form
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