呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病英文ppt課件-文庫吧資料
2025-03-28 01:49本頁面
【正文】 43 44 45 46 3 pathophysiology ?hypoxemia, hypercapnia, toxemia ?respiratory insufficiency ?acidosis ?myocarditis, heart failure, shock, DIC ?toxic encephalopathy ?toxic intestinal paralysis 47 manifestation (1) mild pneumonia： ? fever ? cough ? dyspnea ( tachypnea, cyanosis) ? rales ? Chest xray 48 兩肺紋理增粗。無病灶之肺部透過度增高。 recover during 5～ 15days 33 Laboratory examination ?WBC and differential cells count normal ?Virus detected by antigen detection, PCR, or culture. ?Xray: hyperinflation of the lungs, emphysema, scattered areas of consolidation 34 Differential diagnosis ?Asthma ?Cystic fibrosis ?Heart failure ?Foreign body in the trachea ?pertussis 35 36 兩側(cè)肺紋理粗重。1 The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen University Tan Weiping 2 Contents ?Upper Respiratory Infection ?Acute infectious Laryngitis ?Acute Bronchitis ?Bronchiolitis ?Pneumonia 3 Anatomy upper respiratory tract(URT) ? Cricoid Cartilage lower respiratory tract(LRT) ? URT ： Nose、 pharynx 、 Uvula 、 Larynx 、 auditory tube、 paranasal sinuses ? LRT ： Trachea、 bronchia 、 bronchiole、the respiratory bronchiole、 the alveolar duct and the alveolus 4 5 6 Anatomy characteristics ? upper respiratory tract ? Nose: cilia↓ , capillary↑ ? Sinuses: mucous ? Auditory tube ? tonsil ? Larynx 7 ? lower respiratory tract： ? Weak Cartilage Supporting , ciliary function impairment ? Right bronchus :straight , large ? Collagen and elastin fibers， capillary， interstitial tissue ? Thorax： chest wall, respiratory muscle； diaphragm， mediastinum 8 Physiological characteristics ? The pensatory ability ↓ ? Respiratory rate↑ ? Pattern of respiration ?Gasexchanging membrane :diffuse rate CO2＞ O2 ?Resistance of airway: child ＞ adult 9 Arterial blood gas examination (1) pH↓ acidosis； (2) PaO2↓ SaO2 ↓ hypoxemia； (3)PaCO2↑ carbon dioxide retention malventilation 10 The Immunological Characteristics： ?Impaired mucociliary clearance function ?SIgA↓ 、 IgA↓ 、 IgG↓ subtype of IgG ↓ ?Alveolar macrophages ↓ , lysozyme ↓ lactoferrin ↓ 、 interferon ↓ plement ↓ 11 Upper Respiratory Infection (URI, or Common Cold)
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