【正文】 are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women39。 only six of that group suggested that she was probably not a good wife. No one in the other group drew such a conclusion about the housewife who intended to buy regular coffee. 6. In the opinion of instant coffee producers, .A. people should buy regular coffeeB. regular coffee is superior to instant coffeeC. instant coffee should have a good market because of its obvious advantagesD. the advertising expenditure for regular coffee is very great 7. In this instance, the purpose of motivation study was to discover .A. why there were deeper reasonsB. why instant coffee did not taste goodC. why regular coffee was successfulD. the reason why people resisted instant coffee 8. The list on which “Nescafe instant coffee was written as an item was given to a group consisting of .A. 7 people B. 7 women C. 14 people D. 50 women 9. On the result of this test, the producers of instant coffee probably would advertise on TV to show a .A. lazy wife drinking instant coffee B. stupid wife using instant coffeeC. hardworking woman drinking instant coffee D. good wife using regular coffee 10. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. It is reasonable for people to resist instant coffee.B. Advertising does not always assure favorable sales results.C. People pay little attention to advertising.D. Regular coffee has better taste than instant coffee.　　Passage 3　　It is a curious fact that as we leave the most impoverished peoples of the world, where the human being with his too few calories of energy scratches out for himself a bare subsistence, we find the economic insecurity of the individual many times multiplied. The solitary Eskimo, Bushman, Indonesian, Nigerian, left to his own devices, will survive a considerable time. Living close to the soil or to their animal prey, the peoples with the lowest standard of living in the world can sustain their own lives, at least for a while, almost singlehanded. With a munity numbering only a few hundred, they can live indefinitely. Indeed, a very large percentage of the human race today lives in precisely such fashion in small, virtually selfcontained peasant munities which provide for their own survival with a minimum of contact with the outside world. This large majority of mankind suffers great poverty, but it also knows a certain economic independence.　　When we turn to the New Yorker or the Chicagoan, on the other hand, we are struck by exactly the opposite condition, by a prevailing ease of material life, coupled at the same time by an extreme dependence of the individual in his search for the means of existence. In the great metropolitan areas where most Americans live, we can no longer imagine the solitary individual or the small munity surviving, short of robbing for food and necessities. The majority of Americans have never grown food, caught game, raised meat, ground grain into flour. Faced with the challenge of clothing themselves or building their own homes, they would be hopelessly untrained and unprepared. Even to make minor repairs in the machines which surround them, they must call on other members of the munity whose business it is to fix cars, or to repair plumbing, or whatever. Perhaps, the richer the nation, the more apparent is this inability of its average inhabitant to survive unaided and alone. 11. Which is the best title for this passage?A. The Poor and the Rich.B. The Individual and the Society.C. The Division of Labor.D. The Making of a Society. 12.“Left to his own devices in Line 4, Para. 1 most probably means .A. to be left alone B. to be left to make plans C. to be left to invent new devices D. to be left to devil 13. It is most likely to find people like Robinson Crusoe .A. in great metropolitan areaB. in a large munityC. in modern AmericaD. near the North Pole 14. Which of the following is indicated in the passage?A. Modern American society is a selfcontained society.B. Division of labor improves efficiency.C. The survival ability of a man is decided by the degree of his dependence on others.D. A man living alone will survive longer than a man living in a small munity. 15. One can NOT make a living in modern America by .A. buying things one need from storesB. hiring the services of othersC. robbing others of food and necessitiesD. learning to do things all by oneself 　　Passage 4　　If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you e to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.　　Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened。s obvious advantages. Furthermore, the advertising expenditure for instant coffee was far greater than that for regular coffee. Efforts were made to find the cause of the consumers seemingly unreasonable resistance to the product. The reason given by most people was dislike for the taste. T