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2025-06-02 14:21本頁(yè)面
【正文】 n this case Target Cycle Time is used. Takt time calculation Takt . 9660 minutes per week 1000 units per week = minutes * Only management allowances are deducted: Tea breaks Lunch breaks Team meetings Clean down time There are three main ways to apply takt time: A B C A B C 1. Basis of manpower allocation 2. Performance monitoring 3. Tool and capacity planning T i m e T i m e Operators Operators End of shift report takt Time Plan Actual 67 78 89 910 1011 1112 121 12 Application of takt time Takt Coping with Fluctuating Demand Takt time changes according to customer demand ? Customer demand can vary due to: – seasonal products – poor scheduling or munication ? Constantly changing the takt time can be counter productive ? A realistic promise may be to base takt time on the average customer demand over, say, a month Customer DemandJanuary February March April customer demand Takt time Takt Pull System The Pull System ensures that the right parts are produced and conveyed to the right place at the right time. Continuous Flow Processing P F C Levelled production Takt time Pull system ? Push versus Pull ? Shop stocks ? Kanbans ? Types of Pull Systems Emergency arises Assumptions incorrect Override work to list As these assumptions fail, the system must be overridden to satisfy the customer. Push system Pull ? Assumptions are made about the system and its losses in order to try to match the final output with the customer requirement. ? Typical assumptions: – Fixed demand – Consistent quality – Fixed lead times – Accurate stock levels Work to lists Process A MRP MPS 1 Process A Work to lists 2Work to lists Process 3 listsBOM Inventory Levels Pull system ? Pull systems rely on the customer order ‘pulling’ material through the production system as and when it is required. ? The system can be thought of as a chain reaction, initiated by the customer withdrawing parts: Supplier Manufacturing site Customer Raw materials Finished goods Pull A shop stock is a controlled, inprocess store that increases the flexibility of the manufacturing process. ? The size depends on the reliability and changeover ability of the production process. ? It should be located and owned by the preceding process. ? It can only be used in a levelled production
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