功能材料雙語(yǔ)-電功能材料-文庫(kù)吧資料
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【正文】 agoencephalography（ 腦磁圖 ） ?highperformance smart grid（ 智能電網(wǎng) ） , electric power transmission（ 電力輸送 ） , transformers（ 變壓器 ） , power storage devices, electric motors（ 電動(dòng)機(jī) ） (. for vehicle propulsion（ 汽車驅(qū)動(dòng) ） , as in maglev trains（ 磁懸浮列車 ） ), magic levitation devices（ 磁懸浮裝置 ） , fault current limiters, （ 故 障 電 流 限 流 器 ） and superconducting magic refrigeration（ 超導(dǎo)磁制冷 ） . ?They can also be used for magic separation(磁選 ), where weakly magic particles are extracted from a background of less or nonmagic particles, as in the pigment industries. 核聚變堆用超導(dǎo)線圈 Superconducting submarine（超導(dǎo)潛水艇） 超導(dǎo)磁流體推進(jìn)船 1992年 1月27日，由日本船舶和海洋基金會(huì)建造的，第一艘采用超導(dǎo)磁流體推進(jìn)器的輪船 ——“ 大和” 1號(hào)在日本神戶下水試航。 brass黃銅（ 107 S/m ） , nichrome鎳鉻合金 （ 105S/m ） （ 3） inanic nonmetallic. the conductivity is 105~108 S/m. graphite石墨 ( 106 S/m). crystal structure of graphite applications of conductors ?metals ： cable, electrical machine, radiation shielding, battery, switch, sensor, information transmission, contact material, etc， ?alloys: mainly used for resistance material and thermocouple material, for example platinumrhodium platinum thermocouple（ 鉑銠鉑熱電偶 ） ?inanic nonmetallic： corrosion resistant conductors and conductive filler（ 導(dǎo)電填料 ） . superconductor ?Superconductivity was discovered on April 8, 1911 by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , who was studying the resistance of solid mercury(汞 ) at cryogenic temperatures （ 冷凍溫度 ） using the recently produced liquid helium（ 液氦 ） as a refrigerant. At the temperature of K, he observed that the resistance abruptly disappeared . ?The precise date and circumstances of the discovery were only reconstructed a century later, when Onnes39。Chapter 3 Electrical Functional Materials Definition: materials with special electrical properties or electromeric effect（ 電性效應(yīng) ） . Semiconductor materials Superconducting materials Conductive materials Electrical Functional Materials classification of electrical functional materials ? based on the conductive mechanism： electron conduction material and ionic conduction material. ? electron conduction material: semiconductor, conductor and superconductor ： 107 106 105 104 103 102 101 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 conductivity σ S/m insulator semiconductor conductor superconductor： σ→ ∞ ?the movement of an ion from one site to another through defects in the crystal lattice of a solid or aqueous solution, ? so the conductivity is smaller because the travelling speed of ion is slower than electron, ? the conductivity is no more than 102 S/m ， and usually smaller than 100 S/m ionic conduction material Conductor （ 1） metal. the
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