【正文】 畢竟 “經(jīng)師易得，人師難求 ”，希望借此機(jī)會(huì)向 戴 老師表示最衷心的感謝！ 此外，本 課題 最終得以順利完成，也是與 網(wǎng)絡(luò)教研室 其他老師的幫助分不開(kāi)的，雖然他們沒(méi)有直接參與我的 設(shè)計(jì) 指導(dǎo)，但在 開(kāi)題時(shí)也給我提供了不少的意見(jiàn)，提出了一系列可行性的建議，他們是 杜穎 老師， 劉宏沈 老師， 張興 老師等，在此向他們表示深深的感謝！ 在未來(lái)的日子里，我會(huì)更加努力的學(xué)習(xí)和工作，不辜負(fù)父母對(duì)我的殷殷期望！作為一名遼寧工業(yè)大學(xué)電子與信息工程學(xué)院走出的畢業(yè)生，我會(huì)以昂揚(yáng)的斗志面臨接下來(lái)的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)，為母校爭(zhēng)光！ 謹(jǐn)以此文獻(xiàn)給所有關(guān)心和幫助過(guò)我的人們，謝謝！ 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論 文） 37 附 錄 1. 外文文獻(xiàn) Introduction To Objects The progress of abstraction All programming languages provide abstractions. It can be argued that the plexity of the problems you’re able to solve is directly related to the kind and quality of abstraction. By “kind” I mean, “What is it that you are abstracting?” Assembly language is a small abstraction of the underlying machine. Many socalled “imperative” languages that followed (such as FORTRAN, BASIC, and C) were abstractions of assembly language. These languages are big improvements over assembly language, but their primary abstraction still requires you to think in terms of the structure of the puter rather than the structure of the problem you are trying to solve. The programmer must establish the association between the machine model (in the “solution space,” which is the place where you’re modeling that problem, such as a puter) and the model of the problem that is actually being solved (in the “problem space,” which is the place where the problem exists). The effort required to perform this mapping, and the fact that it is extrinsic to the programming language, produces programs that are difficult to write and expensive to maintain, and as a side effect created the entire “programming methods” industry. The alternative to modeling the machine is to model the problem you’re trying to solve. Early languages such as LISP and APL chose particular views of the world (“All problems are ultimately lists” or “All problems are algorithmic,” respectively). PROLOG casts all problems into chains of decisions. Languages have been created for constraintbased programming and for programming exclusively by manipulating graphical symbols. (The latter proved to be too restrictive.) Each of these approaches is a good solution to the particular class of problem they’re designed to solve, but when you step outside of that domain they bee awkward. The objectoriented approach goes a step further by providing tools for the programmer to represent elements in the problem space. This representation is general enough that the programmer is not constrained to any particular type of problem. We refer to the elements in the problem space and their representations in the solution space as “objects.” (You will also need other objects that don’t have problemspace analogs.) The idea is that the program is allowed to adapt itself to the lingo of the problem by adding new types of objects, so when you read the code describing the 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論 文） 38 solution, you’re reading words that also express the problem. This is a more flexible and powerful language abstraction than what we’ve had before. Thus, OOP allows you to describe the problem in terms of the problem, rather than in terms of the puter where the solution will run. 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