【正文】 。目前，很多工程中，不分重點(diǎn)地將一類高級(jí)材料，如花崗石、不銹鋼、高級(jí)硬木、鐳射玻璃等到處亂用，以為這才能體現(xiàn)他的所謂裝修檔次，這實(shí)際上是把使用高貴材料和提高環(huán)境質(zhì)量?jī)杉耆煌氖禄鞛橐徽?。室?nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的各種意圖，必須通過(guò)材料的合理運(yùn)用來(lái)完成，可以用在室內(nèi)環(huán)境中的材料很多，但要達(dá)到合理運(yùn)用則比較困難，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)主動(dòng)駕馭材料，最大限度發(fā)揮材料各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)，而不能盲目亂用，甚至無(wú)原則的高級(jí)材料堆砌。磚是一種普通材料，但在當(dāng)代建筑師心目中仍然把它看做一種富于自然品格和表現(xiàn)力很強(qiáng)的材料，國(guó)外不少低層住宅、辦公室和一些文化類建筑室內(nèi)，普遍采用清水磚墻，在現(xiàn)代環(huán)境中不斷更新其材質(zhì)和表現(xiàn)特性，砌筑方法，開發(fā)其新的肌理，使它發(fā)揮更大潛力。所以從某種意義上講，室內(nèi)空間的整體形象是材料，結(jié)構(gòu)和空間共同體現(xiàn)的一種綜合性藝術(shù)形象。運(yùn)用不同材料，在室內(nèi)出現(xiàn)不同形式的空間界面（如蓬波杜中心的金屬結(jié)構(gòu)天棚、居室中的木屋架等）在室內(nèi)產(chǎn)生各種形式的線、面、體等空間構(gòu)成要素，這是材料與結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)室內(nèi)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的綜合影響。有的人自 知設(shè)計(jì)沒(méi)有什么內(nèi)容，便用大量高級(jí)材料去掩蓋設(shè)計(jì)上的缺陷，這也是當(dāng)前設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)作中有代表性的傾向。嚴(yán)格說(shuō)，這是喪失設(shè)計(jì)者的社會(huì)責(zé)任，甚至是出賣職業(yè)道德，這是一個(gè)難以解決的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。有的人為了單純追求效益而盲目順應(yīng)甲骨文方要求。3． 市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)沖擊下出現(xiàn)某些社會(huì)扭曲現(xiàn)象，嚴(yán)重影響了設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)作的正常發(fā)展。后現(xiàn)代主要針對(duì)現(xiàn)代建筑存在的某些問(wèn)題提出的另一種頗具哲理性的創(chuàng)作方法，它對(duì)于當(dāng)代建筑的發(fā)展具有積極意義。這是當(dāng)前典型的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的社會(huì)模式。這種傾和和我們比較熟悉的后現(xiàn)代主義恰好不謀而合?？偟恼f(shuō)來(lái)，對(duì)于我們拓展視野、更新文化觀念、繁榮藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，起到重要推動(dòng)作用。2． 在社會(huì)文化變革，建筑文化變革中出現(xiàn)的模糊觀念。建筑室內(nèi)空間往往以自身形象（包括空間形式、節(jié)奏和秩序）和相關(guān)的裝飾手段來(lái)反映時(shí)代和社會(huì)特征，不同的室內(nèi)空間表現(xiàn)不同的環(huán)境氣氛和具有不同的藝術(shù)感染力。研究室內(nèi)環(huán)境問(wèn)題，要研究人的多種生活體驗(yàn)，研究人的感覺(jué)、知覺(jué)、習(xí)慣、智能和各種生活活動(dòng)規(guī)律以及人對(duì)于室內(nèi)環(huán)境的各種反映等。這門學(xué)科最廣泛地包羅人的各種生活和生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，反映了人們相互交往關(guān)系和人與自然的關(guān)系。當(dāng)今室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)越來(lái)越受到重視，是由于它具有很強(qiáng)的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)和充分反映時(shí)代的需要。室內(nèi)環(huán)境的設(shè)計(jì)究竟包含哪些東西，這是值得進(jìn)一步弄清的問(wèn)題。即是從簡(jiǎn)單的裝飾要領(lǐng)出發(fā)去認(rèn)識(shí)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)，把建筑室內(nèi)空間內(nèi)涵與建筑設(shè)計(jì)割裂開來(lái)。出現(xiàn)上述情況是基于根本的設(shè)計(jì)觀念模糊：1． 對(duì)環(huán)境認(rèn)識(shí)的模糊認(rèn)為室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)是在已有建筑空間中進(jìn)行表面裝修和布置家具、懸掛裝飾燈具和布置其他裝飾品。下面從兩個(gè)方面來(lái)談：一．從社會(huì)觀察中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些問(wèn)題十多年來(lái)，我國(guó)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)從無(wú)到有，出現(xiàn)空前活躍之發(fā)展勢(shì)頭，對(duì)于開創(chuàng)廣大人民與過(guò)去完全不同的生活環(huán)境和工作環(huán)境發(fā)揮了巨大作用，在設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)作中也出現(xiàn)不少好作用。2）社會(huì)整體建筑文化發(fā)展的落后（或稱繁榮中的危機(jī)）。說(shuō)明我們?nèi)狈ㄖ覂?nèi)設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本建筑文化素養(yǎng)。在建筑創(chuàng)作范疇，還要探索新結(jié)構(gòu)、新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域、開拓新的材料來(lái)源。s hightech, the high pace of social life, so that people can obtain physical and mental balance, so the indoor multipurpose wood, fabric, stone and other natural materials, display materials, texture, fresh and addition, because of its purpose and methods is similar, can also be put into a class of pastoral style, natural style in indoor environment to the performance of leisure, fortable, natural pastoral life, often also shipped with natural wood, stone, rattan, bamboo and other materials and simple setting indoor greening, to create natural, simple, elegant addition, there is also the 70 time against follow the same patterninternational style such as the brick wall tile top British hillington civic center and the Yale University faculty club, indoor use of wood and brick walls, water of traditional local window shape and slope roof and so called” native style“ or” local style“, also known as” grey pie.In five, the mixed styleIn recent years, architectural design and interior design in general presents diversity, fully inclusive and equitable layout also has both tend to modern practical, and learned the traditional characteristics, in thedecoration and display of ancient and modern Chinese and western integrated solution, such as the traditional screen, decoration and a tea table, with the modern style of walls and doors and windows decoration, new sofa。s interior caisson ceiling, hanging down, for the construction anddecoration, Ming, Qing furniture shape and style like the traditional western style in imitation of Rome wind, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, neoclassical, wherein such imitation Europe England France or Vitoria Louis interior and furniture addition, there are traditional Japanese style, traditional style of India, traditional Islamic style, North Castle style etc..Traditional style often give people with history and context of the region, it makes the indoor environment highlights the national cultural origin of image , modern styleModern style originated in 1919 the establishment of the Bob Moorhouse school, the school is in the historical background of the time, emphasize to break the old tradition, the creation of new construction, emphasis on function and spatial organization, pay attention to develop the structure itself in the form of beautiful, modelling concise, against unnecessary decoration, advocating rational position process, respect for the material properties, pay attention to their own material the texture and color configuration effect, development of unconventional to functional layout based on asymmetric position Moorhouse pay attention to the actual production process operation, emphasize the design and indu