【正文】 s four bigmoney landslide danger Reservoir, the water level at m, lower than the flood water level of ITI, water level lower than 3 .8 ITI. September 21, 2021, Guiyang million mediumsized reservoir side slope of earth dam with in the collapse of holes appear when it is at the end of flood, water level , lower than the flood water level m. July 15, 2021 su xian area the left abutment of the reservoir medium liu quan appear in diameter In, a large m deep hole collapse, when the water level lower than the flood control level 3 in. April 25, 2021, Guiyang County Yankou small (2) high reservoir occurred piping Yihan serious danger of export, it was also sunny, water level lower than normal water level of In. Reservoir there danger more than 4 or less the same reasons. Siqing foot reservoir dam and the dam is leaking serious foot dam body mediated the effect of a bad filter, dam saturation line up, plus two consecutive days of heavy rain, dam outside the slope increased soil saturation, causing largescale landslide . Since the foundation of the reservoir side element not handled properly, a long time leakage, the lower part of the soil away earth, causing the collapse of dam slope hole. Reservoir rock because of the highhan lying around the leaking pipe, remove the soil around the wall to form a hole, resulting in piping. 4 small and mediumsized reservoirs in flood problems Small and mediumsized reservoirs and rescue a general problem is that it is not quickly reduce the water level, danger can not be brought under control as soon as possible, sometimes even more and more serious. Chenzhou 3 to rescue the reservoir as an example: Reservoir Siqing August 8, after cracks found in dam surface, 3 h on the input of migrant workers and troops carried out more than 500 guided infiltration drainage ditching, rock pressure foot. Into the early morning on the 9th, did not reduce the danger not only expanding but, landslide area of 6 000 m2 from the expansion to 8 more than 000 m2, landslide vertical gap increased to m by m, and continue to 18 errv 39。s only accident Rock in Guangxi flood water reservoir is not the top reason for diffuse, but the infiltration and sabotage the collapse. Second, sunny day, an increase in nonflood season collapse. Black Temple Reservoir Dam in Yunnan, Xinjiang and Sichuan second reservoir road ditch or reservoir are nonflood season collapse sunny. Sickl Xinjiang Bayi Reservoir Reservoir and March, respectively, and in the breach in January. I work in Chenzhou City, since 1956 ~ 1994, the city39。 Xinjiang Bayi Reservoir capacity of 2 normal 8000000 ITl3, collapse of water and only 2 when the Treasury 3,000,000 m3。t fall rapidly ， then failure by piping was caused ． Counter— measure that adding rapid release culvert in rehabilitation was advanced． Furthermore， points about the layout position and designed water discharge amount of the rapid release culvert were discussed． Key words： rapid release culvert； discussion； medium and small— sized reservoirs；rehabilitation 1 problem China is a big country Reservoir, according to statistics by the end of 2021, various types of reservoirs have been pleted and 85,288 seats, in order to account for the vast majority of small and mediumsized reservoirs, a total of 84 801, accounting for % of the total number of reservoirs. Most small and mediumsized reservoirs built in the last century, 50 to 70 years, is another earth, the majority of deficiencies, acquired in disrepair, dangerous serious. Dangerous reservoirs of 30 268, representing the total number of small and mediumsized reservoirs and 36% of the dangerous reservoirs in some areas even more than half of the total reservoir. Dangerous reservoirs, and collapse on the number of accidents. From 1954 to the end of 2021, a total collapse of China 3 484 seats, an average of 70 near collapse. In recent years, occurred from accidents and dam collapse there danger situation, inplete when torrential rain and flood in the accident, and sunny conditions with low water level in case of collapse in there danger increasing. Small and mediumsized reservoirs with low water level in case of weather there danger collapse, mostly as a result of the dam foundation, dam leakage in the initial stage, in the absence of rapid water culvert, the water level does not drop down a long time, resulting in leakage of more and more serious, the formation of piping, causing dambreak. I believe that set up quickly in the small and mediumsized reservoir water culvert is to avoid dangerous reservoirs with low water level in case of collapse accidents, one of the most effective measures. For small and mediumsized reservoirs below the main problems in recent years bined with the author to participate in emergency reservoir example, to explore the small and mediumsized reservoirs of dangerous reservoirs in particular, the rapid addition of water the necessity and importance of culverts. 2 small and mediumsized reservoir engineering problems the main small and mediumsized issue of the prevalence of dangerous reservoirs are: 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 27 First, inadequate flood control capacity. Most of the small reservoir dam and spillway facilities standards not flood, floods caused by roof collapse diffuse the high proportion of the incident, it is estimated that nationwide about 13 600 small reservoirs such problems exist. Second, leakage problems are more serious. Most small and mediumsized reservoir dam, generally poor quality of the project. Dam leakage phenomenon is widespread, it is estimated that there are 16,000 small and mediumsized issue of the existence of the reservoir, and the leakage is most likely to collapse into a piping factors. Third, body size less than the design requirements, structural insecurity. Dam body thin, steep s