【正文】 s control by interface between hardware devices.As for research on the management of machinetool with open。 Hong et al., 2003 。 Lee et al.,2004). Through such researches, PCbased open architecture CNC was introduced. Nowadays, machinetool with open architecture CNC is continuously increasing because of its portability and extensity of application programs. Realtime monitoring and control via CNC can be implemented for these machinetools (Kim et al.,2002 。 附錄A 外文資料翻譯Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology ( KSME Int. J.), Vol. 19, No. 5, pp. 10951106, 2005 1095CNC implemented Fault Diagnosis and Web based Remote Services AbstractRecently, the conventional controller of machinetool has been increasingly replaced by the PCbased open architecture controller, which is independent of the CNC vendor and on which it is possible to implement userdefined application programs. This paper proposes CNC implemented fault diagnosis and webbased remote services for machinetool with open architecture CNC. The faults of CNC machinetool are defined as the operational faults occupied by over 70% of all faults. The operational faults are unpredictable as they occur without any warning. Two diagnostic models, the switching function and the step switching function, were proposed in order to diagnose faults efficiently. The faults were automatically diagnosed through the fault diagnosis system using the two diagnostic models. A suitable interface environment between CNC and developed application modules was constructed for the internal function of CNC. In addition, a suitable web environment was constructed for remote services. The web service functions, such as remote monitoring and remote control, were implemented, and their operability was tested through the web. The results obtained through this research could be a model of fault diagnosis and remote servicing for machinetool with open architecture CNC.Key Words : Open Architecture Controller, CNC, Fault Diagnosis, Remote Services1. IntroductionDuring the past few decades, general Computerized Numerical Controller (CNC), which was applied to conventional machinetool, had a closed architecture, and the CNC was dependent on the vendor specification. Because of this, it has been very difficult for users to implement an application program in CNC. Moreover, such development environment was not supported. Therefore, it was necessary for an additional Personal Computer (PC) to be connected to the CNC to install userdefined functions in CNC. However, this method inconvenienced the CNCuser of manufacturing system. Recently, the demand for open architecture manufacturing systems and the requirement for high quality CNC have motivated active researches into open architecture CNC (Rober and Shin, 1995 。感謝我的家人多年來(lái)對(duì)我學(xué)業(yè)上的支持，是他們一直以來(lái)的默默付出，使我順利度過(guò)了十幾年的求學(xué)生涯。感謝一起做畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的同學(xué)們。你們使我擁有了自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力，使我對(duì)所學(xué)專業(yè)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，謝謝你們。對(duì)馬老師的感激之情是無(wú)法用言語(yǔ)表達(dá)的。馬老師多次詢問(wèn)研究進(jìn)程，并為我指點(diǎn)迷津，幫助我開(kāi)拓研究思路，精心點(diǎn)撥、熱忱鼓勵(lì)，給我提出了許多意見(jiàn)和指示，使我能夠圓滿的完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。參考文獻(xiàn)[1]《機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》編寫(xiě)組．機(jī)床設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)第四冊(cè) [M]．北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，1997．[2] 李國(guó)華．機(jī)械故障診斷[M]．北京：化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，1992 ． [3] 楊云強(qiáng)．測(cè)試技術(shù)與虛擬儀器[M]．北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2010．[4] 林宋，田建君．現(xiàn)代數(shù)控機(jī)床[M]．北京：化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，2003．[5] 朱文藝，陸全龍．?dāng)?shù)控機(jī)床故障診斷與維修[M]．北京：科學(xué)出版社，2006．[6] 張發(fā)啟．現(xiàn)代測(cè)試技術(shù)及應(yīng)用[M]．北京：西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社，2005．[7] 機(jī)床故障診斷與檢修叢書(shū)編委會(huì)．機(jī)床液壓系統(tǒng)常見(jiàn)故障診斷與檢修[M]．北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2006．[8] 蔡厚道．?dāng)?shù)控機(jī)床構(gòu)造[M]．北京：北京理工大學(xué)出版社，2007:86~96．[9] 王貴成．?dāng)?shù)控機(jī)床故障診斷技術(shù)[M]．北京：化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社，2010．[10] 熊詩(shī)波，黃長(zhǎng)藝．機(jī)械工程測(cè)試技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)[M]．北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2006．[11] 趙晨光，魏麗．[M]．北京：北京鐵道出版社，2008．[12] 何存興，張鐵華．液壓傳動(dòng)與氣壓傳動(dòng)[M]．武漢：華中科技大學(xué)出版社2000:281.[13] 張凱, 虛擬儀器工程設(shè)計(jì)與開(kāi)發(fā)[M].北京:國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社,2004.[14] 黃志堅(jiān),[M].北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2005.[15] Acquisition Basic Manual[Z].USA:National Instruments CorporationNational Instruments Corporation，1998.[16] [M]. 北京：清華大學(xué)出版社, 1991.[17] 陳長(zhǎng)征，胡立新， [M].北京:科學(xué)出版社，2007.[18] 戴鵬飛， 應(yīng)用[M].北京：電子工業(yè)出版社，2006.[19] 穆吉祥．?dāng)?shù)控機(jī)床的常見(jiàn)故障與排除方法[J]．北京：中國(guó)科技信息，2006．[20] 魏相華，張士文，趙繼敏．虛擬儀器的發(fā)展及前景[J]．南京：工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī)，2011．[21] 魯方霞，鄧朝暉．?dāng)?shù)控機(jī)床的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)及國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀[D]．湖南：湖南大學(xué)機(jī)械與工程學(xué)院，2006．[22] 陳循介．目前世界機(jī)床工業(yè)形勢(shì)、市場(chǎng)需求和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J]．北京：精密制造及自動(dòng)化，2004．[23] 田輝鵬，郭慶偉．基于LabVIEW的數(shù)據(jù)管理在數(shù)控機(jī)床故障診斷系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用[J]．合肥：計(jì)算機(jī)與信息技術(shù)，2008．[24] DongHoon Kim ．Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology[J]．London：Professional Engineering Publishing,2005．[25] [D].西安：西安理工大學(xué)，2007．65致謝本課題在選題及研究過(guò)程中得到馬懷祥老師的悉心指導(dǎo)。LabVIEW具有強(qiáng)大的功能用以實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程網(wǎng)絡(luò)化測(cè)試，由于時(shí)間的限制，本系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)此功能。且由于本系統(tǒng)初步開(kāi)發(fā)，其應(yīng)用價(jià)值性能還有待進(jìn)一步完善?？梢栽谝韵聨讉€(gè)方面繼續(xù)開(kāi)展研究：(1)數(shù)控機(jī)床的故障種類多種多樣，可以綜合運(yùn)用模糊診斷法、故障診斷專家系統(tǒng)、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和短時(shí)Fourier 變換、小波變換等時(shí)頻分析技術(shù)研究更有效的特征信號(hào)提取和分析處理的方法。本課題設(shè)計(jì)針對(duì)機(jī)床因振動(dòng)引起的位移變化進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)數(shù)控機(jī)床運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的判斷。振動(dòng)的檢測(cè)值是對(duì)機(jī)械狀態(tài)考核的一種非常有用的指標(biāo)。為方便用戶，本系統(tǒng)設(shè)置了數(shù)控機(jī)床中各種常見(jiàn)氣動(dòng)馬達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)速的檢測(cè)，可快速判斷機(jī)床是否正常工作。本系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)烈度的評(píng)級(jí)。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的液壓裝置檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)通過(guò)對(duì)液壓裝置運(yùn)行時(shí)最關(guān)鍵的壓力、流量、溫度、振動(dòng)信號(hào)的采集分析，可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)的基本判斷。主要結(jié)論有：(1)用虛擬儀器技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)控機(jī)床狀態(tài)檢測(cè)，構(gòu)成簡(jiǎn)單、功能齊全，用戶可以根據(jù)自己的需要隨時(shí)修改面板的設(shè)計(jì)，系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建周期短，維護(hù)調(diào)試方便，易于擴(kuò)展，并且測(cè)量精度高、速度快，可重復(fù)性好。本系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)保存程序框圖如圖418所示。可實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)保存、報(bào)警功能，將信號(hào)進(jìn)行功率譜分析。表43 氣壓電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速范圍類型齒輪式馬達(dá)活塞式馬達(dá)葉片式馬達(dá)徑向活塞式軸向活