【正文】 s three functions: simulation of the road resistance, power assistant control and data acquisition. The test results showed the feasibility of the test bench. [15]H. Fama, b, M. Kontopouloua, b, . Bryanta, c, Method for friction estimation in reciprocating wear .2022(5).6:9991003A method is described by which the coefficient of friction was determined using a linear reciprocating wear testing machine with spherical metal indenters articulating on flat UHMWPE samples and deionized and distilled water lubrication. A characteristic periodic pattern in the friction behaviour was observed. The coefficient of friction was puted by calculating the average of 30 points about the midpoint between reversals and using the average of three cycles. Variability between tests was equivalent to that obtained between stations but was considerably higher than that obtained between cycles. The coefficient of friction could reliably be estimated using this method with a standard deviation of . [16]Satish Achantaa. Dirk Dreesb, JeanPierre. CelisaInvestigation of friction on hard homogeneous coatings during reciprocating tests at microNewton normal forces[J].:10661069Adhesion is an important surface phenomenon that controls many physical events in nature and technology. The use of miniature devices like b drives, and contact MEMS is still limited mostly due to adhesive interactions of free standing structures and friction, respectively. Moreover, adhesion is an important friction mechanism at low normal forces. In this study, the interplay between surface roughness and adhesion force was studied and consequently their influence on the friction force at low normal forces in the range of μN(yùn)s was experimentally investigated. Friction studies were carried out through a series of bi22directional sliding tests on monly used engineering surfaces like silicon wafer, TiN, and DLC coatings using a high precision modular microtribometer in a ballonplane configuration. This study illustrates how friction operates between rough multiasperity contacts under contact stresses below 125 MPa. Force volume imaging was performed using an AFM on surfaces with different surface roughness. For rough surfaces, a large fluctuation in the local adhesion force was observed instead of an overall decrease in adhesion as reported in the literature. As the normal force decreases, the influence of the adhesion ponent on friction increases resulting in a high coefficient of friction especially on silicon and DLC surfaces. Hydrogenated DLC surfaces can exhibit low friction only when the surface is rough. On the other hand, TiN coatings are less sensitive to changes in surface roughness, and exhibit a practically constant coefficient of friction due to a low adhesive ponent. The adhesion ponent of normal force could be estimated using JKR adhesion model. There is a clear dependence of sliding friction at low normal forces in the μN(yùn) range on adhesion events observed at the nanoN range.[17]T. Miyajimaa, Y. Tanakaa, Y. Iwaia, Y. Kagoharab, S. Hanedab, S. and wear properties of leadfree aluminum alloy bearing material with molybdenum disulfide layer by a reciprocating test [J].Tribology International. 2022 ,3:1722Friction and wear behavior of Al–Sn–Si alloy with MoS2 layer under lubricated condition was investigated by a reciprocating friction tester. It became clear that the Al–Sn–Si alloy with MoS2 layer showed about 70% lower friction and about 1/10 lower wear depth pared to the Al–Sn–Si alloy. The worn surfaces of the Al–Sn–Si alloy with MoS2 layer were observed and analyzed by a SEM, a TEM and an EDX. It indicated that the sliding surface of the counterface had larger area of Mo than the area of Al which was transferred from the Al–Sn–Si alloy with MoS2 layer by sliding, resulting in low friction and high wear resistance. 23附錄一 外文原文Method for friction estimation in reciprocating wear testsH. Fama,b, M. Kontopouloua,b, . Bryanta,c,?a Human Mobility Research Centre, Queen’s University, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, ON, , Canadab Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, , Canadac Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, , Canadaa b s t r a c tA method is described by which the coefficient of friction was determined using a linear reciprocating wear testing machine with spherical metal indenters articulating on flat UHMWPE samples and deionized and distilled water lubrication. A characteristic periodic pattern in the friction behaviour was observed. The coefficient of friction was puted by calculating the average of 30 points about the midpoint between reversals and using the average of three cycles. Variability between tests was equivalent to that obtained between stations but was considerably higher than that obtained between cycles. The coefficient of friction could reliably be estimated using this method with a standard deviation of .. 2022 Elsevier . All rights reserved241. IntroductionTotal knee replacement is an orthopaedic surgical procedure used to replace knee joints with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and severe trauma [1]. The femoral ponent is typically made of a metal alloy such as cobalt chrome (CoCr) and the tibial ponent includes an insert typically made of UHMWPE on a metal backing made of an alloy such as CoCr or titanium. Wear of the polymeric ponent has been a focus of studies directed toward optimizing the performance of these bearings [2–18]. Recently, studies have been undertaken to evaluate friction in these systems in an attempt to understand the mechanisms of wear [19–22]. It is recognized that friction measurements may reveal the mode of lubrication occurring within joint prostheses. Boundary and hydrodynamic fluid f