【正文】 hassle—bother Slang (highly informal)—uneducated speakers Level of Words Formal words are also called advanced words or learned words. They are more academic. . altercation (quarrel), to prevaricate (to lie), to ameliorate (to improve) People use mon words every day, which appear in all kinds of writing and are familiar to the wides。 Specific words ? Idioms I. Levels of Words Formal (big)—of Greek or Latin Origin Scholarly or theoretical works Political and legal documents Formal lectures and addresses For highly educated audience Common/Standard (good for all kinds of writing) College papers Mass publications Business munications For educated audience Informal (Colloquial) —of Saxon origin Conversation Personal letters Novels/dramas . guts—courage。 single quotation marks are used to enclose a quotation within a quotation 2. Long quotations in typewritten papers are singlespaced and indented from both sides or from the left only. 3. When two or more persons are talking together, each person’s speech, however short it is, is written as a separate paragraph, together with reporting verbs and acpanying descriptions. 4. Titles of articles, essays, short stories, short poems, songs, etc., and for chapters or subdivisions of books. 5. Words with a special meaning 6. Other marks are used with quoted words, etc. Ⅱ . Parentheses (()) 1. Set off parenthetical, supplementary, or illustrative natter 2. Enclose figures or letters used for enumeration Ⅲ . Brackets ([ ]) 1. Indicate editorial corrections or explanations in quoted matter 2. Brackets are used to replace parentheses within parentheses Ⅳ . The Dash () 1. Mark a break in thought or a change in tone 2. Indicate an unfinished or interrupted statement 3. Set off a parenthetical element 4. Introduce a final summarizing clause after a series of nouns that refer to the subject of the clause 5. Use dash like quotation marks 6. Introduce subheadings and authors after quotations Ⅴ . The Slash (/) 1. Indicate alternatives 2. Separate lines in short quotations of poetry being quoted in running text 3. Separate the numerator from the denominator 4. “Per” Ⅵ . Italics and Underlining 1. Titles of books, periodicals, newspapers, plays, long poems, movies and operas 2. Foreign words 3. Names of ships and aircraft and titles of works of art 4. Words or letters referred to as such 5. Indicate emphasis Level of Words in Diction Diction is simply your choice of words. It is the right words, the best words you decide to use. There is no single, correct diction in the English language。 因此在今后的教學(xué)活動(dòng)中應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生更加明 白該怎么樣理解和使用長(zhǎng)句，并加強(qiáng)相關(guān)寫作練習(xí)。另外，他們對(duì)范文十分感興趣，于是我著重跟他們分析范文，讓他們意識(shí)到自己文章的不足。) 1. The semicolon is used between two coordinate clauses not linked by a conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) 2. The semicolon is used with conjunctions when the clauses have internal punctuation 3. The semicolon is used to separate a series of items which contain internal mas 4. A semicolon may join a clause with a word or words omitted。這也是今后訓(xùn)練的重點(diǎn)。另外，學(xué)生對(duì)于書中長(zhǎng)難句的理解能力還比較欠缺，對(duì)英文例句的理解還存在一 定難度，特別是長(zhǎng)句和從句。s Daily The New York Times The Washington Post The Economist China Daily Newsweek Ⅲ . Punctuation 標(biāo)點(diǎn) 基本規(guī)則如下： *結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子，不論長(zhǎng)短，后面都用句號(hào) *不要用逗號(hào)連接兩個(gè)并列從句，應(yīng)用逗號(hào)加連詞，或 用分號(hào) *分清楚逗號(hào)和句號(hào)在英文和中文的不同 *在疑問句后用問號(hào)，但在改為間接引語的問句后不用問號(hào) *感嘆號(hào)只用在需要表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的感嘆句或者表示強(qiáng)烈感情的詞語后面 *直接引語應(yīng)放在兩個(gè)引號(hào)之間，說話人和表示 “說 ”的動(dòng)詞可放在引語前面，后面或者中間 教學(xué)后記 本課的開頭比較能調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生對(duì)搶著回答縮略詞的意思或者哪些應(yīng)該大寫比較感興趣，對(duì)課外知識(shí)比較喜歡。例如： State Council Tsinghua University Democratic Party (16)單詞 I 表示 “我 ”這個(gè)概念時(shí)永遠(yuǎn)大寫。例如： the Midwest the South Pole (14)表示歷史階段或歷史事件的名詞要大寫。例如： Dear Mr. Hill Very sincerely yours (12)表示親屬關(guān)系的名詞在人名前時(shí)要大寫。例如： a Sony television Kodak (10)首字母縮寫詞中的所有字母都要大寫。例如： the National Organization for Women the Chess Club (8)表示月份 . 星期 . 節(jié)日的名詞要大寫。例如： General Gee Marshall Professor Shirley Ores The Prime Minister arrives tomorrow. (6)報(bào)紙 . 雜志 . 電影 . 戲劇 . 歌曲 . 書名等要大寫。標(biāo)題中位于首尾的單詞要大寫。例如： Chinese, Islamism, Christian, English (4)標(biāo)題中凡實(shí)詞一律大寫，如系虛詞 (如冠詞 . 連詞 . 介詞等 )則一律小寫。例如： You should wear loose clothing in hot weather. He suggested, “The meeting should be put off till next Monday.” (2)專有名詞，包括人名 . 地名 . 國(guó)名等要大寫。 教 案 周 次 第 3 周，第 2 次課 授課時(shí)間 授課章節(jié) Part One Manuscript Form 本 (章 )節(jié) 授課方式 課堂講授 (√) 實(shí)踐課 ( ) 教學(xué)時(shí)數(shù) 2 學(xué)時(shí) 授 課 要 點(diǎn) 本 (章) 節(jié) 教 學(xué) 目 標(biāo) 1. To learn about manuscript form 2. To learn about arrangement 3. To learn about capitalization and punctuation 教 學(xué) 重 點(diǎn) 和 難 點(diǎn) 1. Capitalization 2. Punctuation 思考題 或 作 業(yè) 1. Review what they have learned in the writing course. 2. Preview Textbook Part Two 教學(xué)內(nèi)容與組織安排 Time allotment: Arrangement 20min Capitalization 20min Punctuation 50min I． Arrangement Tips: Yes: *Write on every other line *Leave a margin on each side of the paper *Capitalize the first and last words of the title and all other words (includes words following hyphens in pound words) except articles, coordinating conjunctions (and, or, but, nor, for), prepositions (in, on, into, to, of, at, from, with, by) and the to in infinitives. *Use a question mark in case of title being a direct question *Use quotation marks with quotes or titles of articles *Underline (or italicize) name of books *Indent the first line of every paragraph No: *Do not write to the edge of the paper *No period at the end of the title *Do not begin a line with a ma, a period, a semicolon, a colon, a question mark or an exclamation mark. *Do not end a line with the first half of a pair o