【正文】 四、本課程內(nèi)容疏理及應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，應(yīng)用方法講解 第一章 The Literature of Colonial America Historical Introduction At the beginning of the seventeenth century, the vast continental area that was to bee the Unitd States had been probed only slightly by English and European ecplorers. The earliest settlers included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards, Italians, and Portuguese. The first permanent English settlement in Northe America was established at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The First American Writer Captain John Smith became the first Amercian Writer. Works: 1.―A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony‖ Puritan Thoughts Puritan thought includes: 1. Puritans wanted to make pure their religious beliefs and practices. 2. The Puritans wished to restore simpkicity to church services and the authority of the Bible to theology. 3. Putritans included people frome the humblest to the loftiest ranks of English were thus zealous in defense of their own beliefs but often intolerant of the beliefs of others. 4. Pututans‘ lives were disciplined and hard. 5. Putitan religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of wrathful God and to fet His mercy. 第二章 The Literature of Reason And Revolution Historical Inroduction 15 By the mideighteenth century colonial America was no longer a group of scattered, struggling settlements. It was a series of neighboring, flourishing colonies with rapidly expanding, mixed populations. The growth, particularly the industrial groowth, led to intense strain with England. In the seventies of the 18th century the English colonies in North America rose in arms against their nother country. The War for Independence last for 8 years . the spiritual life in the colonies during that period was to a great degree moulded by the bourgeois Enlightenment. Benjamin Franklin(17061790) 1. Franklin is the only good American author before the Revolutionary War. 2. His best writing if found in his ―Autobiography‖. 3. Works: ―The Autobiography‖ Thoma Jefferson(17431826) Works: The Declaration of Independence Chapter III The Literature of Romanticism Historical Introduction 1. The attitudes of america‘s writers were shaped by their New World environment and an array of ideas inherited from the ramantic traditions of Europe. A new romanticism had appeared in England in the last years of the wighteenth century. It spread to continental Europe and then came to america early in the nieenth century. 2. Romantic values were prominent in american plitics, art, and philosophy until the Civil War. 3. Transcendentalism 4.。 Robert Frost（包括他的詩(shī)歌分析，他的詩(shī)歌的含義以及風(fēng)格）。 第五章： TwentiethCentury Literature 本部分要掌握的內(nèi)容較多。 第三章： The Literature of Romanticism 1. 了解 Romanticism 的概念 2. 對(duì) Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, Edgar Allan Poe , ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Herman Melville 這幾位對(duì)美國(guó)文學(xué)做出了杰出貢獻(xiàn)的作家，一定要對(duì)其姓名，作品，以及相關(guān)的文學(xué)評(píng)論有所了解。 二、課程重點(diǎn)章節(jié)簡(jiǎn)介： 第一章： The Literature of Colonial America 1. Captain John Smith became the first American writer. 2. The writers of the Southern and Middle Colonies who followed John Smith made their greatest contribution to American. 第二章： The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1. Benjamin Franklin 2. Thomas Jefferson 第三章： The Literature of Romanticism 1. Washington Irving 2. James Fenimore Cooper 3. Edgar Allan Poe 4. Ralph Waldo Emerson 5. Henry david Thoreau 6. Nathaniel Hauthorne 7. Herman Melville 第四章： The Literature of Realism 1. Walt Whitman 2. Emily Dickinson 3. Mark Twain 4. O. Henry 5. Theodore Dreiser 第五章： TwentiethCentury Literature 1. Ezra Pound 2. Robert Frost 3. Thomas Stearns Eliot 4. Scott Fetzgerald 5. Ernest Hemingway 6. William Faukner 三、本課程重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介 第一章： The Literature of Colonial America 重點(diǎn)： 。在教學(xué)中以講授作品，作家介紹為主。s own dreams. Jane is an Ugly Duckling, who fulfills all the teenage romantic dreams of passion that breaks all obstacles. VII． The 20th Century Literature 1. The major changes in attitude and technique in the modern novel: 1） The public values of the Victorian novel gave way to more personally conceived notions 12 of value, dependent on the novelist own intuitions and sensibilities rather than on public agreement. 2） Time was no longer a series of chronological moments to be presented by continuous flow in the consciousness of the individual, with a retrospect merging into anticipation. 3） ―Streamofconsciousness‖ became a important new technique of the English novel. 4） The theme of modern novels The theme of modern fiction is the possibility of love, the establishment of a emotional munication in a munity of private consciousness. 2． Thomas Hardy Living at the turn of the century, Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the past and the modern. As some people put it, he is intellectually advanced and emotionally tradition. Novels Under the Greenwood Tree (綠林蔭下 ) 1872 Far from the Madding Crowd (遠(yuǎn)離塵囂 ) 1874 The Return of the Native (還鄉(xiāng) ) 1878 The Mayor of Casterbridge (卡斯特橋市長(zhǎng) ) 1886 Tess of the D’Urbervilles (德伯家的苔絲 ) 1891 Jude the Obscure (無(wú)名的裘德 ) 1895 1. 1) .Main Works Sons and Lovers Rainbow Women in Love Lady Chatterlay’s Lover 2) Sons and Lov ersSon s and Lov ers ( an autobiogr ap h ic a l novel) 例題： Make an analyse of the theme of ‘s work, and an analyse of Paul, the hero of ―Sons and Lovers‖. The theme of Hardy‘s novels: He believes that life impulse is the primacy of man‘s instinct, and that any conscious repression of such an impulse will cause distortion or perversion of the individual‘s personality. In his novels, he traces the psychological development of his characters and criticizes the deh