【正文】 (A) the program will go ahead as scheduled。(D) brings scientists both good and bad news18. When Sean Solomon says a 50percent cut in NASA39。s budget(A) greatly discourages scientists(D) Earth39。(B) Europa, Mars, Titan and Enceladus(A) Europa, Titan, Earth39。s made a lot of progress by making a relatively small investment in a way that has brought disparate experts together from the whole spectrum of physical and biological sciences. It39。s program often provides the crucial missing piece that turns demanding and sometimes dangerous fieldwork into exciting results.One of the biggest successes over the program39。t be luxuriant, notes Jeffrey Kargel, a researcher at the University of Arizona at Tucson. It likely would face tough conditionsnasty chemicals, very low temperatures, and little energy to drive it. Still, he adds, it39。s issue of the journal Science is the sort of thing that continues to light a fire under the field. Its report about liquid water under the icy surface of Enceladus is a radical conclusion, acknowledges Carolyn Porco, who leads the imaging team working with data from the Cassini orbiter. But if the team is right, we have significantly broadened the diversity of solarsystem environments that might have rolled out the wele mat for living organisms, she concludes.Images released last fall show the moon ejecting vast plumes of material near its unexpectedly warm south pole. As the team pondered the evidence, they nixed several explanations, including the idea that the particles in the plumes were driven by vapor billowing out as ice reached the surface and immediately turned into a gas. The last idea standing: Liquid water was venting from reservoirs near the surface, perhaps only tens of meters below the frigid crust. This explanation also helped solve the riddle of puzzlingly high levels of oxygen atoms found in Saturn39。s a significant source of money for probing fundamental questions of how and why life emerged on Earth and whether life arose elsewhere in the universe.A 50percent cut is almost a goingoutofbusinesslevel cut in a vibrant line of research that stands as one pillar supporting President Bush39。s proposed budget for fiscal 2007 calls for a 50 percent cut in its astrobiology program. Although the program is a tiny piece of the agency39。s moon Europa and Saturn39。s moon Enceladus. Scientists mining new data from the Cassini spacecraft say they may have found evidence that Enceladusthe planet39。(C) to illustrate the difference between mercial ranching and pastoralism(A) to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralists(D) care about the development of the local people15. The author39。(B) understand the unpredictable weather systems there(D) Subjective and fatalistic.14. When the author writes the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. (), he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not __________.(B) Sympathetic and understanding.s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism?(C) represents.(A) concludes.s pastoralism.12. The word encapsulates in the sentence Their plight encapsulates Africa39。(C) The rich world should give more support to the African people to overe drought.s nomadic herders to bee ranchers will save them from drought.s interests to help out.11. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?s drylands can support mercial ranching. They cannot. Most of Africa39。t work. Firstly, no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted. Secondly, rearing livestock took precedence over human progress. The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient, which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models。 the lion39。 national economies. In Kenya, for example, the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800 million per year. In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia, hides from pastoralists39。s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so? It es down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders39。(D) a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions 1115On New Year39。(B) a colleague who is much more experienced(D) give full ground to support the case10. When Kurt Opsahl says that They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders. (), the expression Big Brother is used to refer to _________.(B) lead to blocking of porn sitess strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.(), the expression sink its own case most probably means that _________.(C) returned to(A) maximized tos business secret8. The phrase scaled back to in the sentence the request has been scaled back to one week39。(C) the government has violated the First Amendment(B) users39。(D) to implement the Child Online Protection Act7. Google refused to turn over its proprietary information() required by DOJ as it believes that ________.(B) to help protect personal freedom search behavior, the major intention is _________.m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper authorities. Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the pany hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. Search is a window into people39。s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was